Relevance of the Development of Dental In situ Implant for Post-resection Therapy (Review)

Introduction. The problem of pain relief after surgery is relevant in modern dentistry, as pain control is an important part of treatment. In addition to anesthesia, there are other problems of post-resection therapy such as bleeding from the wound and inflammation. Modern dental practice does not have a targeted delivery system or a medical product with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anesthetic or hemostatic action, which ensures high adherence of patients to the ongoing post-resection therapy.Text. To solve this problem, it can be proposed to develop an in situ implant – a dosage form that is formed directly at the injection site, in the alveolar socket. Targeted delivery system has advantages: no need to use a medical dressing material; no risk of secondary contamination; dosing accuracy and target delivery to the lesion locus; high mucoadhesion to the site of application; the duration of the active ingredient release and others. The purpose of the review is to substantiate the possibility and relevance of developing a new in situ implant system for use in dental post-resection practice. The study was conducted on the main databases of publications (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and others), and patent search database on materials published from 2000 to the present. The study describes the currently existing in situ systems for dental problems, which could be a prototype of systems for delivering an anesthetic directly to the tooth socket, the polymers used to create them and the possibility of releasing drugs, and also characterizes existing drugs for the pain relief (applied both locally and for systemic action), in comparison with in situ systems, which have certain advantages and great potential for development.Conclusion. Based on the results of the work, a conclusion about the possibility of pharmaceutical development of dental in situ implants was made, and the most promising polymers for phase transition in the alveolar socket were identified.