为数字经济设计专业教育培训计划的技术

V. V. Martynov, S. Y. Makarova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中,作者探讨了在高等教育发展的现阶段为数字经济培养合格人才的问题。文章阐述了新技术和高科技产业的出现与高等教育领域新方向和新专业的出现(要求学生掌握新的能力)之间的关系。文章探讨了 "能力 "的概念和在高等职业教育体系中实施能力方法的问题。概述了高等教育教学成果设计中能力方法的主要定义和原则。对已发表的研究报告和已推出的课程设计软件产品进行了分析。一个重要的分析结论是,制定教育计划的一个要点是关注具备一定能力的年轻专业人员的生产需求,但现在大多数高等和中等职业教育计划都没有时间考虑技术和工业领域的最新成就。培养学生的能力是教育计划的目标,因此,教育计划的结构应确保持续、系统地培养必要的技能和知识。作者指出,高等职业教育中的能力培养方法是以近似基础教育课程的形式实施的,它形成了一个专家模型,专家的能力必须达到生产标准,以履行特定的劳动职能。文章设定的任务是形成一套在劳动强度和能力形成水平方面最优的学科,使本科方向学生的能力得到最有效的实施,同时考虑到用人单位设定的课程形成水平和限制。本文介绍了解决问题的数学模型以及根据用人单位的要求设计毕业生最佳能力模型的技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Technologies for Designing Professional Educational Training Programs for the Digital Economy
In this article, the authors consider the issues of training qualified personnel for the digital economy at the present stage of higher education development. The article describes the relationship between the emergence of new technologies and high-tech industries and the emergence of new directions and specialties in the field of higher education, requiring students to master new competencies. The concept of "competence" and the problems of implementing the competence approach in the system of higher professional education are investigated. The main definitions and principles of the competence approach to the design of educational outcomes in higher education are outlined. The analysis of published studies and presented software products devoted to the design of curricula is given. An important analytical conclusion is that one of the important points in the development of educational programs is to focus on the needs of production in young professionals with a certain set of competencies, but now most programs of higher and secondary vocational education do not have time to take into account the latest achievements in the technological and industrial spheres. The development of students’ competencies is the goal of educational programs, therefore they should be structured in such a way as to ensure the consistent and systematic development of the necessary skills and knowledge. The authors note that the competence approach in higher professional education is implemented in the form of an approximate basic educational program that forms a model of a specialist whose competencies must meet production standards to perform specific labor functions. The article sets the task to form a set of disciplines that is optimal in terms of labor intensity and levels of competence formation, allowing the most effective implementation of the competencies of a student in the bachelor’s degree direction, taking into account the level of formation and limitations of the curriculum set by the employer. The mathematical model of solving the problem and the technology of designing the optimal competence model of the graduate, taking into account the requirements of the employer, are presented.
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