Towards a recyclability index for photovoltaic modules: Methodology, challenges and policy implications

Policies related to the circular economy are currently being implemented intensively within the European Union, with a central role attributed to the Ecodesign Directive. Within this framework, this paper devises a general methodology to be applied for the formulation of recyclability indexes for products, with particular regard to the specific case of PV modules. Recyclability indexes can be intended as an aggregated manner to assess and present information about the product aspects related to recyclability, with the view to convey this multi-layered information to various audiences. The key elements, as well as the related design features, for the definition of such type of index have been identified. An assessment on the environmental benefits stemming from the availability of a recyclability index is also presented. Finally, the policy approaches for the application of a recyclability index in regulatory terms are discussed, by means, in particular, of requirements in the legal framework of the EU Ecodesign Directive.