评估暴露于海洋环境的结构中可能应用的 3D 打印多材料部件的耐久性

C.T. Duarte , H.F.M. de Queiroz , J.S.S. Neto , D.K.K. Cavalcanti , M.D. Banea
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引用次数: 0

摘要

传统的制造方法需要将单个组件组装成多材料结构,从而导致成本和重量增加,并可能缩短可用寿命。然而,有许多应用是传统制造技术无法实现的,因为它们需要一种多材料方法。增材制造提供了一个开创性的机会,可以制造出在单一部件中结合多种材料的部件,或在整个部件横截面上结合三维梯度区域的部件。增材制造的应用已经超越了最初的原型阶段,其在促进包括水下领域(如巴西海军使用的水下声学记录器部件)在内的各领域产品的小规模生产方面的潜力备受关注。本研究调查了三维打印多材料部件在暴露于海洋环境的结构中的潜在应用的耐久性。使用熔融沉积建模(FDM)3D 打印机制造了外层由 ABS 和 PLA 核心制成的多材料夹层结构。通过改变 ABS 层数(使用了一层、三层和五层 ABS),研究了三种不同的结构。老化过程在海水中进行了 60 天。拉伸和弯曲试验用于测量未老化(对照组)和老化试样的机械性能。不出所料,聚乳酸样品的吸水率最高,而 ABS 样品的吸水率最低。在多材料样品中,单层 ABS 样品的吸水率较低。对于未老化的样品,机械性能(拉伸和弯曲)随 ABS 层数的变化而变化,而对于老化的样品,则观察到一种高原趋势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluation of durability of 3D-printed multi-material parts for potential applications in structures exposed to marine environments

Traditional methods of manufacture require the assembly of individual components to create multi-material structures, leading to increased costs and weight, as well as potentially reduced usable lifetimes. However, there are numerous applications that cannot be realized using conventional manufacturing techniques, as they need a multi-material approach. Additive manufacturing presents a ground-breaking opportunity to fabricate components that combine diverse materials in a single part or incorporate three-dimensional gradient areas throughout the entire cross-section of the component. The utilization of additive manufacturing has transcended its initial prototype phase and has garnered attention for its potential in facilitating low-scale production of products employed across various areas, including underwater field, such as components of the underwater acoustic recorder used by the Brazilian Navy. In this study, the durability of 3D-printed multi-material parts for potential applications in structures exposed to marine environments was investigated. Multi-material sandwich structures with outer layers made of ABS and a PLA core were fabricated using a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printer. Three different configurations were studied, varying the number of ABS layers (one, three and five layers of ABS were used). The ageing process was carried out in seawater for 60 days. Tensile and flexural tests were used to measure the mechanical properties of both unaged (control) and aged specimens. As expected, the highest water absorption was observed in the PLA samples, while the lowest in ABS samples. For the multi-material samples the lower absorption was found for the one layer ABS samples. For the unaged samples, the mechanical properties (tensile and flexural) varied as a function of varying the number of ABS layers, while for the aged samples, a plateau tendency was observed.

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