Molecular Interactions Leading to the Advancement in the Techniques for COVID-19 Detection: A Review

Since 2019 the world is in a combat with the highly contagious disease COVID-19 that is caused by the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome- coronavirus-2). Detection of this disease in an early stage helps to control its spread and management. To combat this epidemic with one-time effective medication improved quick analytical procedures must be developed and validated. The requirement of accurate and precise analytical methods for the diagnosis of the virus and antibodies in infected patients has been a matter of concern. The global impact of this virus has motivated scientists and researchers to investigate and develop various analytical diagnostic techniques. This review includes the study of standard methods which are reliable and accredited for the analytical recognition of the said virus. For early detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, RT-PCR is an accurate method among other methods and thus, considered as “gold standard” technique. Here, we outline the most extensively used analytical methods for diagnosing COVID-19, along with a brief description of each technique and its analytical aspects/perspective.