Frequency reconfigurable antenna array modelling based on MoM-GEC method for RFID, WiMax and WLAN applications

Technology is advancing daily, and it has impacted almost every aspect of our lives. We show that growth in the number of miniaturized communications systems that are covering different wireless services can achieve a wide frequency range. The present work aims to propose a new rigorous formulation to model a reconfigurable array system used for different wireless applications. The studied structure consists of a reconfigurable antenna array composed of parallel microstrip antennas excited by localized voltage sources and commanded by located PIN diodes. Diodes are used to adjust the length of the radiating element in order to shift the resonant frequency. The proposed formulation consists to combine the moment method and generalized equivalent circuit’s method (MoM-GEC) to model the antenna array. The PIN diode is considered in the mathematical formulation by an impedance surface model. The input impedance, the reflection parameter (\({S}_{11}\)) and the current distribution density obtained with this method are presented and discussed. The results were in close agreement with those obtained by software simulation. The obtained results offer the possibility to generate various modes governed by a decision tree. Thus, these modes are related to different resonant frequencies suitable for RFID, WiMax and WLAN applications with a large bandwidth reaching 526 MHz.