移民潜力 "对捐助国和受援国经济和人口发展的影响

IF 0.2 Q4 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
V. Ledeneva, A. Rakhmonov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

全球移民现象对国家、组织和个人都产生了重大影响,但学术界对移民潜力的讨论重点历来与这一现象的规模不相称。本研究聚焦于经常被忽视的移民潜力的双重性,它既影响接收移民的国家(接受国),也影响移民来源国(捐助国)。之前在俄罗斯范围内进行的研究主要考察了独立后邻国同胞的移民潜力,或与国内移民及区域人力和劳动力资源再分配相关的潜力。主流观点大多局限于研究特定领土内特定社会人口群体的移民潜力,这些群体往往具有鲜明的种族特征。本研究揭示了外部移民潜力的双重性。本文旨在加强 "移民潜力 "研究的理论范式,将其概念化为一个综合系统,将高度流动性和积极性人口的定量和定性属性结合起来。本文试图勾勒出移民潜力的概念框架,确定其结构组成,并阐明移民潜力影响受援国和捐助国经济和人口进步的机制和因素:本研究在 "移民潜力 "这一更广泛的概念中界定了功能性子潜力(子成分)的组成要素,并通过对现存的俄罗斯和国际学术文献的细致研究对这些要素进行了综合。移民潜力是一个变量,既不稳定,也会发生变化。研究批判性地分析了移民对捐助国和受援国不同生活领域的多方面影响--既有有利影响,也有不利影响。一个典型的例子是,高技能移民的教育潜力和知识能力之间存在关联,这极大地促进了东道国地区的创新。反之,外来移民融入社会的潜力不足,则可能引发当地居民的排外倾向。从捐助国的角度来看,在全球移徙的大背景下,汇款的流入是一个关键的变革因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Impact of ‘Migration Potential’ on the Economic and Demographic Development of Donor and Recipient Countries
The phenomenon of global migration exerts a substantial impact on nations, organizations, and individuals, yet the focus of scholarly discourse on the potential of migrants has historically not paralleled the magnitude of this phenomenon. This study brings into focus the often-neglected dual nature of immigrant potential, impacting both countries that receive migrants (recipient countries) and those from which migrants originate (donor countries). Prior research within the Russian context predominantly examined the potential of compatriots in post-independence neighboring countries or the potential related to internal migration and the redistribution of human and labor resources regionally. Prevailing perspectives have largely been confined to examining the migration potential of specific socio-demographic groups within defined territories, often characterized by distinct ethnic features. This research illuminates the dual aspect of external migrant potential. It elucidates how migrants contribute significantly to the development of host countries, while donor countries also reap considerable benefits from the migratory capabilities and engagements of their citizens in foreign employment.The objective of this article is to augment theoretical paradigms in the study of "migration potential," conceptualizing it as an integrative system that combines quantitative and qualitative attributes of a highly mobile and motivated populace. The paper seeks to delineate the conceptual framework of migration potential, establish its structural composition, and elucidate the mechanisms and factors through which migrant potential influences the economic and demographic progress of both recipient and donor nations.Findings: The study delineates the constituent components of the functional sub-potentials (subcomponents) within the broader construct of "migration potential," synthesizing these through a meticulous examination of extant Russian and international academic literature. Migration potential is approached as a variable that is both fluid and subject to modification. The research critically analyzes the multifaceted impacts – both advantageous and adverse – of migration on diverse sectors of life in donor and recipient countries. A case in point is the correlation between the educational potential and the intellectual prowess of highly skilled migrants, which significantly contributes to innovation within the host regions. Conversely, a deficiency in the integration potential of external migrants may precipitate xenophobic tendencies among native populations. From the perspective of donor countries, the influx of remittances stands out as a pivotal and transformative element within the broader context of global migration.
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来源期刊
MGIMO Review of International Relations
MGIMO Review of International Relations INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
46
审稿时长
12 weeks
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