演讲卷:介绍联合国大会发言稿库

IF 2.4 1区 社会学 Q1 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Linnea R Turco
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引用次数: 0

摘要

国际政治研究的许多核心理论结论都依赖于对国际行为者言论的获取和理解。因此,推进国际关系(IR)理论实证研究的一个重要进展就是可通过机器分析获得的演讲数据。为了理解各国在其声明中提出的观点、偏好和价值观,我们需要收集在联合国大会(UNGA)等重要国际组织背景下各国演讲的精细文本表述。这种文本语料库的一个特别有前途的用途是根据各国的发言来衡量各国的偏好。为了给新兴的 "文本即数据"(text-as-data)国际关系领域添砖加瓦,我介绍了联合国大会发言语料库(UNGA Speech Corpus),该语料库收集了从 1993 年到 2018 年各国在联合国大会上发表的 34,000 多篇发言。通过将结构化主题模型与本地训练的词嵌入相结合来估计各国在特定主题上的政策立场,我利用该语料库改进了近期将 IR 中的文本与偏好联系起来的工作。然后,我展示了这些 "话题得分 "如何帮助学者们改进对紧急国际问题(如全球气候变化治理)的分析。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Speaking Volumes: Introducing the UNGA Speech Corpus
Many theoretical conclusions core to the study of international politics rely on having access to, and understanding, the rhetoric of international actors. One important development in advancing the empirical study of international relations (IR) theory, therefore, is the availability of machine-analyzable speech data. A collection of fine-grained textual representations of states’ speeches in the context of an important international organization, such as the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA), is needed to understand the ideas, preferences, and values that states put forth in their statements. An especially promising use for such a corpus of texts would be to measure states’ preferences based on their statements. In an effort to add to the burgeoning field of text-as-data in IR, I present the UNGA Speech Corpus, a collection of over 34,000 speeches delivered by states in the UNGA from 1993 to 2018. I use it to improve on recent work that links text to preferences in IR by combining a structural topic model with locally trained word embeddings to estimate the policy positions of states on specific topics. I then show how these “topic scores” can help scholars to improve their analyses of exigent international issues, such as global climate change governance.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
71
期刊介绍: International Studies Quarterly, the official journal of the International Studies Association, seeks to acquaint a broad audience of readers with the best work being done in the variety of intellectual traditions included under the rubric of international studies. Therefore, the editors welcome all submissions addressing this community"s theoretical, empirical, and normative concerns. First preference will continue to be given to articles that address and contribute to important disciplinary and interdisciplinary questions and controversies.
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