子宫内膜增生和子宫内膜息肉:妇女的临床和解剖特征

E. N. Kravchenko, E. V. Lautenschleger
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摘要

材料和方法研究子宫内膜增生症(EH)和子宫内膜息肉(PE)患者的临床和病理特征。材料和方法:该研究是一项回顾性研究,包括 2022-23 年期间在 "Euromed "就诊的 267 名育龄和围绝经期患病妇女,她们在接受检查前被诊断为 N92--月经过多、过频和月经不调。根据病理形态学检查结果,患者被分为三组:A组包括89名GE患者;B组--99名PE妇女;B组(对照组)包括79名排除子宫内膜病变的患者。在所有因大量月经出血前来就诊的妇女中,33.3%患有子宫内膜异位症,37.1%患有子宫内膜息肉,29.6%患有BUN-O排卵功能障碍。在 A 组中,72 例(80.9%)发现子宫内膜异位症,7 例(19.1%)发现子宫内膜异位症;在 B 组中,91 例(91.9%)确诊为子宫内膜异位症,28 例(8.1%)确诊为子宫内膜异位症;在 B 组中,22 例(27.8%)发现子宫内膜处于增殖期,57 例(72.2%)发现子宫内膜处于不完全分泌期。患有子宫内膜息肉的妇女的特点是月经初潮早、一生中没有怀孕和生育,这与妇女的选择、避孕、内分泌疾病、肥胖、多囊卵巢综合征、卵巢肿瘤、月经期间大量出血并伴有血块、月经超过 8 天、慢性缺铁性贫血有关。患有子宫内膜息肉的妇女主要表现为动脉高血压、子宫肌瘤、子宫腺肌症、不孕、痛经、慢性子宫内膜炎、宫颈炎和阴道炎病史;临床表现为月经间期出血。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial polyps: clinical and anamnestic characteristics of women
Aim. To study the clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and endometrial polyps (PE).Material and Methods. a retrospective study was conducted, which included 267 sick women of reproductive and perimenopausal age who sought gynecological care at «Euromed» in 2022-23, who, before receiving the examination results, were diagnosed with N92 - heavy, frequent and irregular menstruation. Depending on the results of the pathomorphological examination, the patients were divided into 3 groups: group A included 89 patients with GE; group B – 99 women with PE; Group B (control) included 79 patients in whom endometrial pathology was excluded.Results. Among all women who came to the clinic with heavy menstrual bleeding, 33.3% had GE, 37.1% had PE, 29.6% had BUN-O ovulatory dysfunction. GE without atypia was detected in 72 (80.9%) cases of group A, GE with atypia – in 7 (19.1%), in group B PE was diagnosed in 91 (91.9%) cases, PE with atypia – in 28 (8.1%).In group B, in 22 (27.8%) cases, the endometrium was identified in the proliferation phase, in 57 (72.2%) cases, the endometrium was identified in the phase of incomplete secretion.Conclusion. Women with GE are characterized by early menarche, absence of pregnancies and childbirth during life associated with the woman’s choice, contraception, endocrine diseases, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, ovarian tumors, heavy bleeding with clots during menstruation, menstruation for more than 8 days, chronic iron deficiency anemia. Women with endometrial polyps are characterized by arterial hypertension, uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, infertility, dysmenorrhea, chronic endometritis, a history of cervicitis and vaginitis; clinical manifestations include intermenstrual bleeding.
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