掉落的苹果如何帮助牛顿发现万有引力

IF 0.8 4区物理与天体物理 Q2 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

The European Physical Journal H Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI:10.1140/epjh/s13129-023-00065-0

Gennady Gorelik

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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章深入探讨了科学史学家之间关于万有引力思想起源的引人入胜的分歧。研究牛顿《原理》起源的著名学者不相信牛顿会像他声称的那样，在 1666 年观察到一个苹果坠落后提出这一观点。另一方面，牛顿的著名传记作者却相信。解决这一悖论的关键在于牛顿在创作《原理》之前的手稿《世界体系》中描述的一个思想实验。根据所提出的 "从属 "假设，仅仅依靠 1611 年伽利略的知识和技能，就有可能从弹丸运动得出万有引力的概念。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

How a falling apple could have helped Newton discover universal gravity

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How a falling apple could have helped Newton discover universal gravity

The article delves into the intriguing disagreement among historians of science regarding the origin of the idea of universal gravity. Prominent researchers of the genesis of Newton's Principia did not believe that he could have come up with this idea in 1666, after observing a falling apple, as he claimed. On the other hand, prominent biographers of Newton did believe. The proposed key to solving this paradox is a thought experiment described in Newton's manuscript, ‘The System of the World,’ which preceded the creation of his ‘Principia.’ According to the proposed ‘subjunctive’ scenario, it was possible to come from the motion of a projectile to the concept of universal gravity, relying only on the knowledge and skills of Galileo in 1611.

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来源期刊

The European Physical Journal H HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE-PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The purpose of this journal is to catalyse, foster, and disseminate an awareness and understanding of the historical development of ideas in contemporary physics, and more generally, ideas about how Nature works. The scope explicitly includes: - Contributions addressing the history of physics and of physical ideas and concepts, the interplay of physics and mathematics as well as the natural sciences, and the history and philosophy of sciences, together with discussions of experimental ideas and designs - inasmuch as they clearly relate, and preferably add, to the understanding of modern physics. - Annotated and/or contextual translations of relevant foreign-language texts. - Careful characterisations of old and/or abandoned ideas including past mistakes and false leads, thereby helping working physicists to assess how compelling contemporary ideas may turn out to be in future, i.e. with hindsight.