Trajectory of landscaping and multifunctionality around urban rivers: the case of Angers

Abstract Due to urban population growth, there is increasing pressure to utilize open spaces in urban centers, particularly in challenging areas like watercourses. However, traditional approaches such as canalization and drainage techniques have proven ineffective and unsustainable in the face of climate change challenges. This research aims to analyze the landscapes and multifunctionality of river environments in Angers, France, identifying their functions and historical evolution, considering the population contributions and the impact on quality of life. The research employed a geohistorical analysis to examine the social, economic, and environmental dimensions through the construction of a historical timeline depicting changes in the urban space influenced by the municipality’s watercourses (Quantitative analysis). Additionally, key actors’ actions were captured and discussed through interviews and questionnaires (Qualitative analysis). This comprehensive approach facilitated the analysis of the evolutionary process of urban rivers and the identification of their multifunctional use, contributing to urban sustainability. The implementation of green and blue infrastructures (GBIs) played a significant role in this process, and participatory interventions helped garner public support for reintegrating rivers into the urban landscape. The interviews highlighted that the successful implementation of multifunctional infrastructures relies not only on clear legislation but also on political will and the adoption of sustainable economic alternatives.