Aesthetic Gynecological Surgeries in Children and Adolescents

Aesthetic gynecological operations in children and adolescents are aimed at eliminating congenital anomalies of the structure of the external genitalia, which usually occur as a result of a violation of the formation of sex. In addition, operations are often performed to achieve a cosmetic effect in conditions such as hypertrophy of the labia minora, clitoromegaly (not associated with genetic defects), atrophy and narrowing of the entrance to the vagina. At the moment, there is no consensus on at what age to perform aesthetic reconstructive surgery for abnormalities of the development of external genitalia in pediatric patients. At the same time, many techniques have been developed that are actively used in clinics around the world. The article considers the most practical and least traumatic, with a low percentage of complications, methods of plastic surgery in children and adolescents with congenital malformations and cosmetic defects of the external genitalia. A search for literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical studies on the topic of aesthetic gynecological operations in gynecology of children and adolescents was conducted in the PubMed and Embase. The search was carried out using combinations of MESH terms: feminizing genitoplasty, atypia of the external genitalia, pediatrics, disorders of sex formation, congenital hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex. The articles were analyzed, the full text of which was in the public domain, with a detailed description of the course and results of the operation, a description of clinical cases and studies in the field of pediatric and adolescent gynecology, mainly surgical treatment of congenital disorders of the reproductive system. As a result of a search in the PubMed, Embase databases with a diverse combination of keywords, 498 publications were found that were screened by name and abstract. 120 articles were selected for full-text analysis, 31 of them were selected for citation.