Copper levels, Cadmium toxicity and presence of Taste anomalies as predictors for early diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The global prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been observed to escalate annually. However, studies also report a higher prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes. This results in disease progression accompanied with development of macro and micro complications. Taste disorders are significant clinical manifestations for diabetes which have been ignored in majority of the cases. Certain trace elements are identified to be associated with the development and progression of diabetes and are also established to activate or suppress the functioning of human taste receptors. This study aims at determining the serum trace element concentrations in diabetic (n =153) and non-diabetic (n=153) subjects who have been screened for taste perception anomalies. Linear correlation of trace metal levels with glucose levels showed a slightly positive association of Cu, Cr and Cd with FBG. Multiple logistic regression model predicted Cu levels, Cd toxicity and taste anomaly as significant biomarkers for T2DM. This would enable early diagnosis of T2DM, thus facilitating appropriate medical intervention to avoid multiple complications in T2DM individuals.