Study of the Relative Frequency of Different Disease in Fever with Thrombocytopenia

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common biological sign, and in severe situations, bleeding can ensue. Thrombocytopenia caused mostly by platelet immunological destruction, decreased platelet synthesis in bone marrow, and a delay in megakaryocyte maturation. Dengue fever haemostasis disruption is exacerbated by thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. Objective: To determine the relative prevalence of various diseases in fever with thrombocytopenia. Materials and Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was carried out by the Department of Medicine at the 100-bed district hospital in Narsingdi between July 2021 and June 2022. Total 100 adult patients (over the age of 18) who had thrombocytopenia and presented with fever were included in this study. We excluded patients who had a fever but no thrombocytopenia. Additionally, patients with thrombocytopenia but no fever were excluded from the research. Results: Malaria was the most prevalent cause of fever (44.0%), followed by dengue (27.0%), viral fever (18.0%), enteric fever (5.0%), dengue + malaria (3.0%), septicemia (2.0%), and hematologic malignancy (1.0%). Conclusion: Dengue fever and malaria are common causes of fever with thrombocytopenia because of seasonal and regional variations.