最有活力的末端重量

Julia Schlüter, G. Rohdenburg
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摘要

该原则由 Quirk 等人(1972 年)首次提出,用于描述重成分在句子后期出现的趋势。 我们进一步发展了这一原则,认为它有利于在句末成分中添加(功能非中性的)形态标记,而句末成分的典型特征是前音突出。我们所研究的标记正在经历非同步的建立或消失,因此具有暂时的可变性。它们代表了不同西日耳曼语言和变体(英语、北低地德语、弗里斯兰语)中相当多样的类别,并且是从不同时期收集而来的。例子包括名词、形容词、有限动词和不定式的词尾变化,拥有词和形容词 "其他 "的原形用法,介词选择,a 前缀和periphrastic doon'do'。我们认为,尾重是标量,句末绝对位置的影响最大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
End-weight at its most dynamic
This contribution supports and extends the principle of end-weight, first formulated by Quirk et al. (1972) to describe the tendency of heavy constituents to appear late in a sentence. Developing this principle further, we argue that it favours the addition of (functionally non-neutral) morphological markers to sentence-final constituents, which are typically characterized by prosodic prominence. The markers we study are undergoing diachronic establishment or loss and are thus temporarily variable. They represent rather diverse categories in different West Germanic languages and varieties (English, Northern Low German, Frisian) and have been gathered from different periods. Examples include inflectional endings of nouns, adjectives, finite verbs and infinitives, pro-form uses of possessives and the adjective other, prepositional choices, the a-prefix and periphrastic doon ‘do’. We suggest that end-weight is scalar, with absolute sentence-final position producing the strongest effects.
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