印度西孟加拉邦三种常见药用植物中的神经保护化合物:微型综述

Suvendu Ghosh, P. Singha, D. Ghosh
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摘要

神经紊乱指的是神经系统因感染或神经元变性而导致的神经退行性疾病或神经精神疾病。这类神经系统疾病包括帕金森病、抑郁症、健忘症、痴呆症、阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症、脑血管损伤、癫痫、癫痫发作等。在传统医学体系中,一些属于精神药物、镇静剂、神经递质、神经兴奋剂等类别的药物被广泛使用。遗憾的是,这些药物中的大多数要么会延缓神经紊乱的发展,要么会给患者带来明显的副作用。据报道,药用植物中含有几种具有神经保护潜力的强效生物活性化合物,其中一些已被证实非常有效。植物提取的化合物大多来自天然来源,在规定的标准剂量下,它们对特定疾病的细胞毒性最小或没有细胞毒性。长期以来,阿育吠陀医学、尤那尼医学和中医学一直在使用许多此类具有强效神经保护作用的植物化合物。如果对这些化合物进行化学分离,将其改造成更有效的神经保护衍生物,并利用其制成副作用最小的高效神经保护药物制剂,将为神经药理学开辟新的革命性道路。本综述简要讨论了从印度西孟加拉邦某些本地植物中分离出的神经保护性化合物及其作用机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neuroprotective compounds from three common medicinal plants of West Bengal, India: a mini review
Neural disorders refer to conditions of the nervous system due to infection or degeneration of the neurons leading to either neurodegenerative disorder or neuropsychiatric disorder. Some such disorders of the nervous system include Parkinsons’s disease, depression, amnesia, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, cerebrovascular impairment, epilepsy, seizure disorders, etc. In conventional medical system, some medicines belonging to the class of psychodelic drugs, sedatives, neurotransmitters, neuro-stimulants, etc. are in extensive use. Unfortunately, most of these drugs either delay the progression of the neural disorder or leave the patient with prominent adverse side effects. Several potent bioactive compounds with neuroprotective potential have been reported from medicinal plants and some of them have been found to be highly effective. Belonging from natural sources, mostly, the plant derived compounds exhibit minimum or no cytotoxicity at a prescribed standardised dose against a particular health ailment. Many such phytocompounds from plant sources with potent neuroprotective activities have been in use in Ayurvedacharya, Unani, and Chinese medicine for ages. The compounds if isolated chemically, modified to make more potent neuroprotective derivatives and utilised to make highly effective neuroprotective pharmaceutical formulations with minimum side effects, may open new revolutionary doorways in neuropharmacology. In this review, it has been briefly discussed about the neuroprotective compounds isolated from certain indigenous plants of West Bengal, India, and their mechanism of action.
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