Apelin as a potential marker in Iraqi children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Apelin is a peptide has receptors in several locations, involved in regulating cardiac homeostasis, angiogenesis and metabolic regulation. It is also consider as adipokine secretion by adipocytes. This study aimed to evaluate apelin levels and other biochemical parameters in Iraqi pre-pubertal and pubertal T1DM. Ninety children participated in current study, divided into three groups: 30 pre-pubertal patients with type 1 diabetes, 30 at pubertal patients with type 1 diabetes, and 30 healthy subjects. Measurements of fasting blood glucose (FBS), random blood sugar (RBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), apelin, lipid profile, thyroid hormones, Blood urea, and serum creatinine were perform for the comparison groups.Apelin has a positive correlation coefficient (P< 0.01) with FSB, TG and (P <0.05) with BMI, HbA1c, TC, TSH also has a negative correlation coefficient with HDL-C, in pubertal and pre-pubertal respectively.  The relationship among levels of apelin, glucose, and insulin sensitivity shows the participation of apelin in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its rise in adulthood is an indicator to beginning diabetes complications, Aside from the potential use of apelin as a diagnostic marker in early discrimination of cardiovascular disease.