性别不公正问题?欧洲不同福利制度下老年妇女和男子的客观和主观贫困。

IF 3.7 2区 社会学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY
Camilla Härtull, Mikael Nygård
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文利用欧洲社会调查数据,研究了 21 个欧洲国家老年男女(60 岁以上)中客观贫困和主观贫困的普遍程度。客观贫困指的是一个人的可支配收入是否低于贫困线,而主观贫困则与维持生计的能力有关。研究分析了这两个贫困维度的性别差异,以及性别对这些现象的解释作用,同时控制了其他个人层面的变量以及福利国家制度的作用。研究结果表明,老年妇女比男性更容易陷入客观贫困,即使在控制了其他变量的情况下,女性的性别仍然与这种贫困密切正相关。研究还表明,其他个人层面的变量,如伴侣关系、有偿工作和教育,也会抑制客观贫困,而福利制度的类型则无关紧要。另一方面,主观贫困与女性性别和福利制度类型没有显著关系,而主观健康、伴侣关系和有偿工作等个人层面的变量与这一贫困维度呈负相关。与客观贫困相比,主观贫困受环境因素的影响更大,尽管福利国家制度的类型与主观贫困或客观贫困没有明显的关联。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A problem of gendered injustice? Objective and subjective poverty among older women and men across European welfare regimes.

Using European Social Survey data, this article studies the prevalence of objective and subjective poverty among older women and men (60+ years) in 21 European countries. Objective poverty refers to whether one's disposable income falls below the poverty line, whereas subjective poverty relates to the capacity to make ends meet. It analyzes gender differences in these two dimensions of poverty and the role of gender as an explanation to these phenomena while controlling for other individual-level variables as well as the role of welfare state regimes. The results show that older women are more exposed to objective poverty than men, and that female gender remains strongly and positively correlated with this kind of poverty even when controlling for other variables. They also show that other individual-level variables, such as partnership, paid work and education curbs objective poverty, while the type of welfare regime does not matter. As to subjective poverty, on the other hand, there is no significant association with female gender, nor with the type of welfare regime, while individual-level variables such as subjective health, partnership and paid work are negatively correlated with this dimension of poverty. Subjective poverty is somewhat more influenced by contextual factors than objective poverty although the type of welfare state regime is not significantly associated with subjective or objective poverty.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
7.90%
发文量
72
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Ageing: Social, Behavioural and Health Perspectives is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the understanding of ageing in European societies and the world over. EJA publishes original articles on the social, behavioral and population health aspects of ageing and encourages an integrated approach between these aspects. Emphasis is put on publishing empirical research (including meta-analyses), but conceptual papers (including narrative reviews) and methodological contributions will also be considered. EJA welcomes expert opinions on critical issues in ageing. By stimulating communication between researchers and those using research findings, it aims to contribute to the formulation of better policies and the development of better practice in serving older adults. To further specify, with the term ''social'' is meant the full scope of social science of ageing related research from the micro to the macro level of analysis. With the term ''behavioural'' the full scope of psychological ageing research including life span approaches based on a range of age groups from young to old is envisaged. The term ''population health-related'' denotes social-epidemiological and public health oriented research including research on functional health in the widest possible sense.
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