加蓬农村地区土壤传播蠕虫感染的流行病学以及治疗对蠕虫种类分布的不同影响。

IF 3.6 Q1 TROPICAL MEDICINE
Jean Ronald Edoa, Bayodé Roméo Adégbitè, Yabo Josiane Honkpéhèdji, Jeannot Fréjus Zinsou, Stravensky Térence Boussougou-Sambe, Tamirat Gebru Woldearegai, Benjamin Mordmüller, Ayola Akim Adegnika, Jean Claude Dejon-Agobé
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:土壤传播蠕虫(STH)感染是流行地区的公共卫生问题。为有效控制该疾病,需要对其流行病学进行监测。本报告评估了加蓬两个农村地区的流行率、发病率、治疗后感染率(PTI)以及感染性传播疾病的风险因素:在这项纵向和前瞻性研究中,研究人员从兰巴雷内附近地区和通过简单随机程序选出的家庭中抽取了 6 至 30 岁的参与者,并对其进行了为期 6 个月和 9 个月的连续跟踪调查。在每个随访阶段(FUP)开始和结束时采集粪便样本。采用 Kato-Katz 技术检测 STH 虫卵,采用 Harada-Mori 技术和共培养技术检测收集后最多 4 小时内处理的粪便中的幼虫。流行率在研究的三个主要时间点确定,发病率在两个研究阶段评估,PTI 被定义为治疗后 9 个月发现的感染:结果:共纳入 262 名参与者。在为期 6 个月和 9 个月的家庭综合方案中,感染性传播疾病的总发病率基线分别为 42%(95%CI:34-50)和 44%(95%CI:37-51)。在每个评估时间点,毛滴虫都是最常见的感染物种。在 6 个月和 9 个月的随访中,STH 的累计发病率分别为 18%(95%CI:12-27)和 35%(95%CI:27-43),而发病率分别为每 100 人年 41 例(95%CI:28-55)和 56 例(95%CI:46-67)。随访 9 个月时,毛滴虫、钩虫和蛔虫的 PTI 感染率分别为 58% (95%CI: 41-74)、31% (95%CI: 11-59) 和 18% (95%CI: 5-40)。性传播疾病的感染强度普遍较轻:结论:兰巴雷内附近地区的性传播疾病感染率处于中等水平,其中最常见的是毛滴虫。我们的研究结果表明,主要在采取干预措施(尤其是针对毛滴虫病的干预措施)后,该疾病在人群中迅速蔓延,因此需要在该地区全面实施世界卫生组织的建议。试验注册 clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT02769013。2016年4月21日注册,https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02769013。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminth infections and the differential effect of treatment on the distribution of helminth species in rural areas of Gabon.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are a public health concern in endemic areas. For efficient control, the epidemiology of the disease needs to be monitored. This report assesses the prevalence, incidence, post-treatment infection (PTI) rate, and risk factors for STH infections in two rural areas of Gabon.

Method: In this longitudinal and prospective study, participants aged six to 30 years from the vicinity of Lambaréné and selected households using a simple randomization process were included and followed in two consecutive periods of six and nine months. Stool samples were obtained at the beginning and the end of each follow-up phase (FUP). The Kato-Katz technique was used for the detection of STH eggs, while the Harada-Mori technique and coproculture were used for the detection of larvae in stool processed within a maximum of four hours of collection. Prevalence was determined at the three main time points of the study, incidence was assessed during the two study phases, and PTI was defined as an infection detected nine months post-treatment.

Results: A total of 262 participants were included. The overall prevalence of STH infections was 42% (95%CI: 34-50) and 44% (95%CI: 37-51) at baseline for the six and nine month FUPs, respectively. Trichuris trichiura was the most prevalent species at each time point of assessment. The cumulative incidence of STH at the 6- and 9-month follow-ups was 18% (95%CI: 12-27) and 35% (95%CI: 27-43), respectively, while the incidence rates were 41 (95%CI: 28-55) and 56 (95%CI: 46-67) per 100 person-years, respectively. The PTI rates at the 9-month follow-up for T. trichiura, hookworm, and Ascaris lumbricoides were 58% (95%CI: 41-74), 31% (95%CI: 11-59) and 18% (95%CI: 5-40), respectively. The STH infection intensity was generally light.

Conclusion: The prevalence level of STH infection is moderate in the vicinity of Lambaréné, with T. trichiura being the most prevalent species. Our results reveal a rapid spread of the disease in the population mainly following intervention, particularly for trichuriasis, and therefore call for the full implementation of the World Health Organization's recommendations in the area. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT02769013. Registered 21 April 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02769013.

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来源期刊
Tropical Medicine and Health
Tropical Medicine and Health TROPICAL MEDICINE-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
90
审稿时长
11 weeks
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