Review of methods of sediment detection in reservoirs

As reservoir sedimentation is rapidly progressing on a global scale, intensified and better adapted monitoring of sediment accumulation is needed to design optimal counter measures. In the current study, different methods on how to assess the siltation status of different reservoir types are represented by including the availability of previous data. Four different techniques are described by means of detailed case studies, including topographic differencing as the most widely used method. Examples of sub-bottom profiling, dynamic free-fall penetrometer measurements, and long sediment coring also are presented. The methods are explained through the application of each technique under varying conditions. The aim of the current study was to assess the advantages and disadvantages of each method and to discuss each methods applicability, depending on the reservoir type, sediment characteristics, and sediment thickness. Based on the case studies and literature an overview table of available techniques for sediment detection was created including a qualitative estimation of the strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, a decision path is presented to choose the most promising technique dependent on the individual situation of a reservoir. With this review, sediment-related decisions are supported for dam operators and authorities as well as dredging companies.