全球视角下的生产等级制度》特辑:性别技能、劳动控制和工作场所政治

IF 0.5 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Görkem Akgöz, Bridget Kenny
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从十九世纪妇女在工厂劳动这一新的社会问题开始困扰(中产阶级)公众的想象力,到现在的全球化劳动链时代,关于性别化劳动的论述既是多变的,又是劳动等级制度的组成部分。这些话语和社会关系在工业化和工作场所重组过程中,以及在发展政策、城市形成乃至国家建设中,都确认了其中心地位。根据劳动力市场的政治经济情况,劳动妇女的形象相应地在无助和受剥削的受害者与为发展项目服务的民族英雄之间摇摆不定。与此同时,自 19 世纪初以来,关于妇女有偿和无偿劳动的社会改革、劳动监察或社会科学描述不断积累,证明国家和雇主越来越乐于雇佣妇女,从许多方面来说,她们过去是、现在仍然是廉价的、容易被剥削的工人,她们的就业越不稳定,她们的获利能力就越强。这些论述和劳动控制做法都带有浓厚的种族和阶级色彩。在公众想象和雇主监控的另一面,从事有偿工作的妇女有时会利用这些话语和做法来描述她们的劳动和判断她们的选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Special Section on Productive Hierarchies in Global Perspectives: Gendered Skill, Labor Control and Workplace Politics
From the nineteenth century, when the new social question of women's factory labor came to preoccupy the (middle-class) public imagination, to the present times of globalized labor chains, discourses on gendered labor have been at once fluid and constitutive of labor hierarchies. These discourses and social relations affirm their centrality within processes of industrialization and workplace restructuring as well as in development policy, urban formation, and indeed, nation building. Depending on the political economy of the labor market, the images of laboring women accordingly oscillated between, for instance, helpless and exploited victims to national heroines in the service of developmental projects. At the same time, since the early nineteenth-century, the steadily accumulating social reform, labor inspection, or social scientific accounts of women's paid and unpaid labor testified to states’ and employers’ growing comfort with hiring what was and is still, in many ways, a cheap, easily exploitable category of workers, one whose profitability increased the more precarious their employment became. Such discourses and labor control practices were deeply racialized and classed. On the other side of the public imagination and employer's surveillance, women who engaged in paid work sometimes appropriated the discourses and reshaped the practices that were used to characterize their labor and judge their choices.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
期刊介绍: ILWCH has an international reputation for scholarly innovation and quality. It explores diverse topics from globalisation and workers’ rights to class and consumption, labour movements, class identities and cultures, unions, and working-class politics. ILWCH publishes original research, review essays, conference reports from around the world, and an acclaimed scholarly controversy section. Comparative and cross-disciplinary, the journal is of interest to scholars in history, sociology, political science, labor studies, global studies, and a wide range of other fields and disciplines. Published for International Labor and Working-Class History, Inc.
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