氮源对短日照洋葱（Allium cepa）鳞茎矿物质元素、植物化学物质含量和抗氧化活性的影响

IF 3.1 3区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Horticulturae Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI:10.3390/horticulturae10010010

Mzwakhile Petros Zakhe Simelane, P. Soundy, S. Amoo, M. Maboko

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引用次数: 0

摘要

洋葱（Allium cepa）是世界上消耗量最大、营养最丰富的食物之一，热量低，含有丰富的主要生物活性化合物、维生素和矿物质。本研究旨在确定不同氮肥来源对短日照洋葱营养和植物化学品质的影响。对白型洋葱（cv.Texas Grano）进行了不同的施肥处理，即(i) 播种前基施 80 千克/公顷的 CaCN2 氮肥，单独或与(ii) 50 千克/公顷的硝酸铵石灰石（LAN）氮肥一起施用、或(iii) 每公顷施用 50 千克尿素氮；(iv) 种植前施用 80 千克 LAN 氮，每公顷施用 50 千克 LAN 氮；(v) 种植前施用 80 千克尿素氮，每公顷施用 50 千克尿素氮；(vi) 每公顷施用 0 千克氮。种植前施用 CaCN2（80 千克/公顷氮）的效果优于标准洋葱肥料尿素（130 千克/公顷氮）和 LAN（130 千克/公顷氮），能显著提高洋葱球茎中的总酚含量、抗氧化活性、钙（Ca）和钾（K）含量。在播种前施用 CaCN2（80 千克/公顷 N）的同时施用 50 千克/公顷尿素作为氮肥，可提高洋葱球茎中的总酚（5.48 毫克 GAE g-1）和类黄酮（0.741 毫克 CE g-1）。播种前施用 CaCN2 后，在 LAN 上层施用 50 kg ha-1 N，抗氧化活性（55.9%）和清除自由基活性（26.3%）最高。施用 CaCN2 + 尿素还能显著提高洋葱球茎钾（2335 毫克/千克-1）和钙（828 毫克/千克-1）的含量，而 CaCN2 与 LAN 的结合则能提高镁（123.3 毫克/千克-1）的含量。本研究建议在播种前施用 CaCN2，并与 LAN 或尿素一起施用，以提高洋葱球茎中的植物化学成分、抗氧化活性和某些矿物质含量。这些发现为培育营养丰富、植物化学成分丰富的洋葱鳞茎提供了一种实用方法，可促进人类健康。

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Effects of Nitrogen Source on Mineral Element, Phytochemical Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Short-Day Onion (Allium cepa) Bulbs

Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the world’s most consumed, nutrient-dense foods, low in calories and containing a rich amount of major bioactive compounds, vitamins, and minerals. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of different nitrogen (N) fertilizer sources on the nutritional and phytochemical qualities of short-day onions. A white-type onion (cv. Texas Grano) was subjected to different fertilizer application treatments, namely (i) pre-plant base application of 80 kg ha−1 N from CaCN2, alone or in combination with (ii) top-dressing with 50 kg ha−1 N from limestone ammonium nitrate (LAN), or (iii) top-dressing with 50 kg ha−1 N from urea, (iv) pre-plant base application of 80 kg ha−1 N from LAN and top-dressing with 50 kg ha−1 N from LAN, (v) pre-plant base application of 80 kg ha−1 N from urea and top-dressing with 50 kg ha−1 N from urea, and (vi) 0 kg ha−1 N. Pre-plant application of CaCN2 (80 kg ha−1 N) outperformed standard onion fertilizers, urea (130 kg ha−1 N) and LAN (130 kg ha−1 N), significantly enhancing total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) content in onion bulbs. Applying 50 kg ha−1 N from urea as top-dressing with the pre-plant application of CaCN2 (80 kg ha−1 N) elevated total phenolics (5.48 mg GAE g−1) and flavonoids (0.741 mg CE g−1) in the onion bulbs. The highest antioxidant activity (55.9%) and free radical scavenging activity (26.3%) were achieved with top-dressing 50 kg ha−1 N from LAN following CaCN2 pre-plant application. Application of CaCN2 + urea also significantly increased onion bulb potassium (2335 mg kg−1) and calcium (828 mg kg−1) contents, while CaCN2 combined with LAN improved magnesium (123.3 mg kg−1) content. This study recommends pre-plant CaCN2, top-dressed with either LAN or urea, for improved phytochemical components, antioxidant activities, and certain mineral content in onion bulbs. These findings present a practical approach for cultivating nutrient-rich and phytochemically abundant onion bulbs, promoting improved human health.

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来源期刊

Horticulturae HORTICULTURE-

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

19.40%

发文量

998

期刊介绍： Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524) is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on all areas and aspects of temperate to tropical horticulture. It publishes original empirical and theoretical research articles, short communications, reviews, and opinion articles. We intend to encourage scientists to publish and communicate their results concerning all branches of horticulture in a timely manner and in an open venue, after being evaluated by the journal editors and randomly selected independent expert reviewers, so that all articles will never be judged in relation to how much they confirm or criticize the opinions of other researchers.