Liu Yang, Xuejiao Zhang, Qing Liu, Yan Wen, Qing Wang
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引用次数: 0
摘要
1 型糖尿病（T1D）是一种由自体反应性 T 细胞介导的器官特异性慢性自身免疫疾病。ZnT8 是一种胰岛特异性锌转运体，主要位于β细胞中。它不仅参与胰岛素的合成、储存和分泌，还维持胰岛素结构的完整性。ZnT8 是患有 T1D 的儿童和成人的自身反应性 CD8+ T 细胞识别的主要自身抗原。本文总结了目前文献中关于 ZnT8 的 T 淋巴细胞表位和 B 淋巴细胞表位的最新研究成果。文章综述了 ZnT8 的结构和表达、ZnT8 在胰岛素合成中的作用及其在自身免疫中的作用。ZnT8 是 T1D 的主要自身抗原，在胰岛中特异性表达。因此，它是诊断 T1D 的生物标志物之一。它为进一步研究治疗 T1D 的免疫调节剂开辟了广阔的前景。
Update on the ZNT8 epitope and its role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an organ-specific chronic autoimmune disease mediated by autoreactive T cells. ZnT8 is a pancreatic islet-specific zinc transporter that is mainly located in β cells. It not only participates in the synthesis, storage and secretion of insulin but also maintains the structural integrity of insulin. ZnT8 is the main autoantigen recognized by autoreactive CD8+ T cells in children and adults with T1D. This article summarizes the latest research results on the T lymphocyte epitope and B lymphocyte epitope of ZnT8 in the current literature. The structure and expression of ZnT8, the role of ZnT8 in insulin synthesis and its role in autoimmunity are reviewed. ZnT8 is the primary autoantigen of T1D and is specifically expressed in pancreatic islets. Thus, it is one of biomarkers for the diagnosis of T1D. It has broad prospects for further research on immunomodulators for the treatment of T1D.
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