水体上方海市蜃楼的数值模拟

IF 0.8 4区教育学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES

American Journal of Physics Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1119/5.0111635

Anna Horváth, Balázs Bámer, G. G. Barnaföldi

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引用次数: 0

摘要

海市蜃楼或fatamorgana通常是沙漠、阳光照射的道路或水体上方风景的倒立“镜像”。当空气的温度梯度很大时，就像在表面附近发生的那样，它会导致密度和折射率随高度的函数有很大的梯度。当光穿过折射率有梯度的介质时，就会出现幻象，因此，光线会向较高的折射率弯曲，从而产生反射图像。一个利用光线追踪的方法模拟水面上的海市蜃楼的计算机程序已经开发出来，并在这里详细介绍，以供教育用途。在5 ~ 0°C的不同水-空气温差情况下，模拟图像显示了效果。还提供了模拟与匈牙利巴拉顿湖实际情况的比较。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Numerical simulation of mirages above water bodies

A mirage or fatamorgana is typically an upside-down “mirror” image of a scenery in deserts, over sun-heated roads, or above bodies of water. When the temperature gradient of air is large, as can happen near a surface, it results in a large gradient of the density and the refractive index as a function of height. Mirages appear when light travels through a medium with a gradient in its refractive index and, therefore, get bent towards the higher values, generating reflected images. A computer program that simulates mirages above water using the method of ray tracing has been developed and is presented here in detail for educational purposes. Results on the effect are shown by simulated images for various water-air temperature-difference cases with values ranging from 5 to 0 °C. Comparison of the simulations to a real-life scenario at Lake Balaton, Hungary has also been provided.

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来源期刊

American Journal of Physics 物理-物理：综合

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

11.10%

发文量

146

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The mission of the American Journal of Physics (AJP) is to publish articles on the educational and cultural aspects of physics that are useful, interesting, and accessible to a diverse audience of physics students, educators, and researchers. Our audience generally reads outside their specialties to broaden their understanding of physics and to expand and enhance their pedagogical toolkits at the undergraduate and graduate levels.