Performance analysis of a lithium-ion battery of an electric vehicle under various driving conditions

Conventional fuels are the primary source of pollution. Switching towards clean energy becomes increasingly necessary for sustainable development. Electric vehicles are the most suitable alternative for the future of the automobile industry. The battery, being the power source, is the critical element of electric vehicles. However, its charging and discharging rates have always been a question. The discharge rate depends upon various factors such as vehicle load, temperature gradient, surface inclination, terrain, tyre pressure, and vehicle speed. In this work, a 20 Ah, 13S-8P configured lithium-ion battery, developed specifically for a supermileage custom vehicle, is used for experimentation. The abovementioned factors have been analyzed to check the vehicle’s overall performance in different operating conditions, and their effects have been investigated against the battery’s discharge rate. It has been observed that the discharge rate remains unaffected by the considered temperature difference. However, overheating the battery results in thermal runaway, damaging and reducing its life. Increasing the number of brakes to 15, the impact on the discharge rate is marginal; however, if the