特提斯人的进化对地球过去环境变化的影响

IF 6 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Bo Wan, Fuyuan Wu, Rixiang Zhu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解地球过去的变化可以为预测地球的未来提供有价值的见解。一个例子是地球内部和外部球体之间的相互作用。冈瓦纳板块周期性的向北漂移,由原始、古和新特提斯海洋的开合所驱动,促进了大陆块从南半球向北半球的转移,穿越了热带地区。我们已经观察到,在过去5亿年的三个主要冰期中,热带地区(纬度低于20°的地区)陆地面积的间歇性增加与随后的温度下降之间存在令人信服的相关性。这一现象可归因于低纬度地区比高纬度地区接收到更多的太阳能量流入地球表面。此外,热带地区(低纬度)陆地面积的增加削弱了地球表面的净能量吸收,从而阻碍了吸收的能量向两极的传导和对流。其结果是全球表面温度下降。热带地区受益于充足的阳光,为海洋浮游生物物种的繁殖创造了理想的环境。这些物种在富有机质沉积物的形成中起着重要作用。因此,当大陆漂移穿过热带地区时,大量的生物碎片沉积在大陆边缘。这为未来油气和储层的形成创造了有利条件。在特提斯海洋闭合期间,富有机质沉积物向北俯冲,形成了低氧逸度的基性弧岩浆。这种化学环境有利于钨、锡、锂等还原型矿床的成矿作用。特提斯领域俯冲驱动的板块构造改变了海洋和陆地的分布,随后影响了地球表面太阳能的平衡和分布。这些变化引发了相应的环境变化,反过来,由于俯冲作用,影响了欧亚边缘的岩石和矿物组成。因此,特提斯王国及其历史是理解整个地球系统的过程和变化的理想的自然实验室。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The influence of Tethyan evolution on changes of the Earth’s past environment

Understanding changes in Earth’s past can provide valuable insights into prediction of its future. An example is the interactions between the internal and external spheres of Earth. The cyclical northward breakup-drift of Gondwana, driven by the opening and closure of Proto-, Paleo-, and Neo-Tethyan oceans, facilitated the transfer of landmasses from the southern to the northern hemisphere, traversing the tropic region. We have observed a compelling correlation between episodic increases in landmass area within the tropic regions (those lying at less than 20° latitude) and a subsequent temperature decrease during the three major glacial periods in the last 500 million years. This phenomenon can be attributed to low latitude regions receiving more solar energy influx on Earth’s surface than high latitude areas. In addition, an increase of landmass in tropic regions (low latitude) attenuates the net energy absorption by the Earth’s surface, consequently impeding the conduction and convection of absorbed energy toward the poles. The result is a decrease in global surface temperature. The tropic regions, benefiting from abundant sunlight, create an ideal environment for the proliferation of marine plankton species. These species are important in the generation of organic-rich sediment. Massive biological debris is therefore deposited on continental margins when a continent drifts across the tropic region. This creates favorable conditions for future hydrocarbon and reservoir formation. Northward subduction of organic-rich sediments during the closure of the Tethyan oceans results in the generation of mafic arc magmas with low oxygen fugacity. This chemical environment helps the mineralization of reduced-type ore deposits such as tungsten, tin, and lithium. Subducted-driven plate tectonics in the Tethys realm changes the distribution of oceans and landmass, subsequently affecting the balance and distribution of solar energy across Earth’s surface. These changes trigger consequential environmental shifts which in turn, impact the composition of rock and mineral along the Eurasian margin due to subduction. Consequently, the Tethyan realm and its history is an ideal natural laboratory for comprehending the processes and changes of the entire Earth’s system.

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来源期刊
Science China Earth Sciences
Science China Earth Sciences GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
135
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Science China Earth Sciences, an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and published by Science China Press, is committed to publishing high-quality, original results in both basic and applied research.
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