植被和降水的季节变化对流域侵蚀率的影响:来自数值模拟的见解

IF 2.8 2区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Hemanti Sharma, Todd A. Ehlers
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要。雨季降水影响集水区侵蚀,并对年侵蚀率有贡献。然而,雨季也与植被覆盖的增加有关,这有助于抵抗侵蚀。本研究调查了智利沿海科迪勒拉(~ 26—~ 38°S)极端气候和生态梯度(从干旱到温带)沿线四个集水区当前降雨和植被覆盖的季节变化对侵蚀率的影响。我们使用Landlab-SPACE景观演化模型来解释植被依赖的山坡-河流过程和山坡水文。模式输入包括现今(90米)地形和modis导出的植被季节性归一化植被指数(NDVI)时间序列(2000-2019年)、降水气象站观测数据以及全球土地数据同化系统(GLDAS) Noah获得的蒸散发。利用数值模式模拟量化了流域尺度侵蚀率对降水和/或植被覆盖季节平均变化的敏感性。模拟进行了1000年(20年植被和降水观测重复50次)。在对长期瞬态变化的结果进行消去后,对近20年进行了分析。结果表明,当植被覆盖变化而降水保持不变时,侵蚀速率相对于平均侵蚀速率的变化幅度在5%(干旱地区)和36%(地中海地区)之间。相比之下,在降水变化和植被覆盖不变的模拟中,侵蚀率的变化幅度更高,介于13%(干旱)和91%(地中海环境)之间。最后,降水和植被覆盖耦合变化的模拟表明,集水区侵蚀的变化幅度为13%(干旱地区)至97%(地中海地区)。综上所述,我们发现降水变化对侵蚀速率的季节变化影响更大。然而,植被覆盖的季节变化对侵蚀的影响也很显著(在5%至36%之间),在半干旱至地中海地区最为明显,在干旱和潮湿温度地区最不普遍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of seasonal variations in vegetation and precipitation on catchment erosion rates along a climate and ecological gradient: insights from numerical modeling
Abstract. Precipitation in wet seasons influences catchment erosion and contributes to annual erosion rates. However, wet seasons are also associated with increased vegetation cover, which helps resist erosion. This study investigates the effect of present-day seasonal variations in rainfall and vegetation cover on erosion rates for four catchments along the extreme climate and ecological gradient (from arid to temperate) of the Chilean Coastal Cordillera (∼ 26–∼ 38∘ S). We do this using the Landlab–SPACE landscape evolution model to account for vegetation-dependent hillslope–fluvial processes and hillslope hydrology. Model inputs include present-day (90 m) topography and a time series (from 2000–2019) of MODIS-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for vegetation seasonality, weather station observations of precipitation, and evapotranspiration obtained from Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) Noah. The sensitivity of catchment-scale erosion rates to seasonal average variations in precipitation and/or vegetation cover was quantified using numerical model simulations. Simulations were conducted for 1000 years (20 years of vegetation and precipitation observations repeated 50 times). After detrending the results for long-term transient changes, the last 20 years were analyzed. Results indicate that when vegetation cover is variable but precipitation is held constant, the amplitude of change in erosion rates relative to mean erosion rates ranges between 5 % (arid) and 36 % (Mediterranean setting). In contrast, in simulations with variable precipitation change and constant vegetation cover, the amplitude of change in erosion rates is higher and ranges between 13 % (arid) and 91 % (Mediterranean setting). Finally, simulations with coupled precipitation and vegetation cover variations demonstrate variations in catchment erosion of 13 % (arid) to 97 % (Mediterranean setting). Taken together, we find that precipitation variations more strongly influence seasonal variations in erosion rates. However, the effects of seasonal variations in vegetation cover on erosion are also significant (between 5 % and 36 %) and are most pronounced in semi-arid to Mediterranean settings and least prevalent in arid and humid–temperature settings.
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来源期刊
Earth Surface Dynamics
Earth Surface Dynamics GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICALGEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCI-GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
56
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Earth Surface Dynamics (ESurf) is an international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and discussion of high-quality research on the physical, chemical, and biological processes shaping Earth''s surface and their interactions on all scales.
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