哺乳动物精子的顶体反应。生化方面)。

M N Llanos
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引用次数: 0

摘要

哺乳动物精子获能和顶体反应(AR)是受精的必要前提。本报告探讨了哺乳动物精子获能和AR过程中发生的部分分子事件;特别是那些与精子头膜结合酶和磷脂有关的事件。为此,对金仓鼠精子体外获能/顶体反应诱导系统的结果进行了分析。首先,重点分析了获能过程中质膜水平上可能发生的磷脂转甲基化反应;也有人认为,该途径可能为精子头膜结合磷脂酶A2提供底物,该酶能够产生溶血磷脂(一种fusogen)和脂肪酸;这些假设被实验证实,外源性溶血磷脂和/或顺式不饱和脂肪酸能够加速先前有能力的精子中的AR。还建议在该领域的未来研究,可能涉及精子磷脂酶C特异性磷脂二肌醇,4.5二磷酸;其产物肌醇三磷酸和二酰基甘油可能在获能过程中作为第二信使发挥可能的生理功能。最后,本文提出了一种包括磷脂甲基化、顶蛋白活化、磷脂酶A2活化和内源性溶血磷脂和脂肪酸生成在内的ar综合机制作为讨论模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Acrosome reaction in mammalian spermatozoa. Biochemical aspects].

Mammalian sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction (AR) are essential prerequisites for fertilization. This report examines part of the molecular events developed during capacitation and the AR of mammalian spermatozoa; especially those events related to sperm head membrane bound enzymes and phospholipids. For this purpose, it has been analysed results obtained from an in vitro capacitation/acrosome reaction inducing system for golden hamster spermatozoa. First of all, the analysis is focused in the phospholipid transmethylation reactions possibly occurring at plasma membrane level during capacitation and the AR; it is suggested too, that this pathway could provide the substrate for a sperm head membrane bound phospholipase A2 which is able to produce a lysophospholipid (a fusogen) and fatty acids; both of them, very likely involved in the late steps of the AR. These assumptions are confirmed by experiments demonstrating that exogenous lysophospholipids and/or cis-unsaturated fatty acids are able to accelerate AR in previously capacitated spermatozoa. It is also suggested future research in this field, which could involve a sperm phospholipase C specific for phosphatydil-inositol, 4.5 bisphosphate; its products, Inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol could act as second messengers with a probable physiological function during capacitation. Finally, an integrative mechanism for the AR-involving phospholipid methylation, acrosin activation, phospholipase A2 activation and endogenous lysophospholipids and fatty acids production is proposed as a model for discussion.

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