Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on obese hypertensive patients: A controlled trial

Introduction

The relationship between obesity and hypertension is clearly known and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is shown as an effective treatment method in both obese and hypertensive patients. The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of CR on obese hypertensive patients by comparing them with non-obese hypertensive patients.

Methods

Eighty eligible, volunteer participants with hypertension (SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 mmHg) were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to their BMI values: obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) hypertensive patients and non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m²) hypertensive patients. The CR program, in which aerobic exercise training was the main part, was performed on the patients. At the end of the 10-week CR program, the resting SBP and DBP values were measured.

Results

A total of 74 patients (37 obese and 37 non-obese) completed the study. After CR significant improvements were achieved in all evaluated parameters compared to pre-CR values. When the amounts of changes before and after CR were compared, the decrease in SBP was found to be significantly higher in obese patients compared to non-obese patients (p = .003). Higher BMI was associated with more reduction in SBP (r = 0.287, p = 0.013).

Conclusions

Exercise-based CR effectively reduced SBP in obese and non-obese hypertensive patients. However, it was more effective in obese patients compared to non-obese patients.