肯尼亚蒙巴萨县旅行社和旅游经营者的公司治理机制与绩效

ALLAN ODHIAMBO OCHIENG, TITUS M. KISING’U, PhD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

旅游经营者和旅行社是旅游业中两个著名的中介机构,它们帮助传播旅游目的地的信息。然而,旅行社和旅行社的业绩在最近一直在下降。公司治理机制的基本原理是提高公司绩效。然而,公司治理机制对公司绩效的影响是最具争议的研究问题之一。公司治理与公司绩效之间的联系尚未完全确立。本研究的目的是探讨公司治理机制对肯尼亚蒙巴萨县旅行社和旅游经营者绩效的影响。具体而言,本研究考察了董事会会议、董事会独立性、董事会组成和董事会规模对肯尼亚蒙巴萨县旅行社和旅游经营者绩效的影响。理论框架以代理理论、管理理论和利益相关者理论为基础。本研究采用相关横断面调查研究设计来检验研究变量之间的非因果关系。目标人群包括肯尼亚蒙巴萨县的40家旅行社和121家旅游经营者。采用比例分层随机抽样方法,选取肯尼亚蒙巴萨县29家旅行社和86家旅游经营者为样本。观察单位由首席执行官组成,而分析单位由旅行社和旅游经营者组成。为了确定所构建的调查问卷的效度和信度,进行了一项初步研究。试点样本量包括肯尼亚蒙巴萨县的9家旅行社和26家旅游经营者。初步研究结果表明,所编制的问卷具有可接受的效度和可接受的信度。采用基于横断面调查的方法收集原始数据。在3名研究助理的帮助下,研究者采用丢取法发放了总共115份调查问卷。将收集到的数据进行处理,并输入社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)第26版,创建用于统计分析的数据表。收集的数据采用描述性统计和推理统计进行分析。进行Pearson积矩相关分析以证实或否定研究变量之间的关系。Pearson相关结果显示,董事会会议、董事会独立性、董事会组成和董事会规模与肯尼亚蒙巴萨县旅行社和旅游经营者的绩效存在显著的正相关关系。以旅行社和旅行社的绩效为因变量,董事会会议、董事会独立性、董事会组成和董事会规模为预测变量,进行标准的多元线性回归分析。回归结果表明,董事会会议、董事会独立性、董事会组成和董事会规模对肯尼亚蒙巴萨县旅行社和旅游经营者的绩效有显著的正向影响。研究建议旅行社和旅行社的管理层必须加强公司治理机制。决策者应考虑启动政策审查,鼓励董事会加强公司治理机制,以促进肯尼亚旅行社和旅游经营者的绩效。这项研究为未来的研究指明了几个有趣的方向。例如,未来的研究人员应该考虑在其他行业或背景下检验董事会性别多样性对公司治理机制与公司绩效之间关系的调节作用。关键词:董事会组成、董事会性别多样性、董事会独立性、董事会会议、董事会、董事会规模、公司治理、公司绩效季庆宇,T.(2023)。肯尼亚蒙巴萨县旅行社和旅游经营者的公司治理机制与绩效。商业战略杂志;管理学报,2010(3),551 - 596。DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v10i3.2726
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MECHANISMS AND PERFORMANCE OF TRAVEL AGENCIES AND TOUR OPERATORS IN MOMBASA COUNTY, KENYA
The use of tour operators and travel agents are the two well-known intermediaries in the tourism industry that help distribute information about tourist destination. However, the performance of tour operators and travel agents has been on the decline in the recent past. The basic rationale of corporate governance mechanisms is to increase the performance of firms. However, the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance is one of the most controversial research questions. The link between corporate governance and firm performance is still not fully established. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on performance of travel agencies and tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. Specifically, t he study examined the effect of board meetings, board independence, board composition and board size on performance of travel agencies and tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. The theoretical framework was anchored on the agency theory, stewardship theory, and stakeholder theory . The study employed the correlational, cross-sectional survey research design to test non-causal relationships among study variables. The target population consisted of 40 travel agencies and 121 tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was utilized to select a sample size of 29 travel agencies and 86 tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. The unit of observation consisted of the chief executive officer, while the unit of analysis consisted travel agency and tour operator. A pilot study was conducted to ascertain the validity and reliability of the constructed survey questionnaire. The pilot trial sample size consisted of 9 travel agencies and 26 tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. The pilot study results suggested that the items in the developed survey questionnaire had acceptable validity and acceptable reliability. A cross-sectional survey-based approach was used to collect primary data. With the help of 3 research assistants, the researcher utilized the drop and pick method to distribute a total of 115 survey questionnaires. The collected data were processed and entered into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26 to create a data sheet used for statistical analysis. The collected d ata was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The Pearson’s product moment correlation analysis was performed to confirm or deny the relationship between the study variables. The Pearson’s correlation results showed that board meetings, board independence, board composition and board size had positive and significant relationship with the performance of travel agencies and tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. A standard multiple linear regression analysis was performed with the performance of travel agencies and tour operators as the dependent variable and board meetings, board independence, board composition, and board size as the predictor variables. The regression results indicated that board meetings, board independence, board composition and board size had positive and significant effect on performance of travel agencies and tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. The study recommended that it is imperative for the management of the travel agencies and tour operators to strengthen their corporate governance mechanisms. The policy makers should consider initiating policy review to encourage the board of directors to strengthen the corporate governance mechanisms to foster the performance of travel agencies and tour operators in Kenya . The study pointed to several intriguing paths for future research. For instance, future researchers should consider examining the moderating effect of board gender diversity on the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance in other sectors or contexts. Key terms: Board Composition, Board Gender Diversity, Board Independence, Board Meetings, Board of Directors, Board Size, Corporate Governance, Firm Performance CITATION : Ochieng, A. O., & Kising’u, T. (2023). Corporate governance mechanisms and performance of travel agencies and tour operators in Mombasa County, Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 10 (3), 551 – 596. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.61426/sjbcm.v10i3.2726
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