水文气候条件对马贾巴希特的政治动态有影响吗?:初步分析

IF 1.2 Q3 GEOGRAPHY
Sandy Herho, Katarina Herho, Raden Susanto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从公元13世纪末到16世纪中叶,Majapahit是统治印度尼西亚群岛的最大的印度教佛教帝国。只是现在还有很多关于Majapahit时代的历史还没有被揭示出来。一个是关于环境因素如何影响当时的政治动态。本研究试图利用古流体动力学数据同化(PHYDA)产品讨论水文气候制度对北方夏季旱季Majapahit政治史的影响。我们利用海洋大陆(MC) Palmer干旱严重指数(PDSI)的数据,对Majapahit历史上六个关键时期的干旱面积进行了空间分析,即Jayanegara统治时期(公元1309 - 1328年),这是各种政治不稳定的标志,Majapahit的黄金时代(公元1309 - 1328年)。公元1350年至1389年),帕雷格雷内战(公元1405年至1406年),大饥荒事件(公元1426年),坎德拉森卡拉事件(公元1478年),以及公元1527年,以丹麦苏丹国完全征服Majapahit为标志。结果显示,这六期(除了Majapahit的全盛时期)与参考期(整个Majapahit时代(1293 - 1527 CE)的平均PDSI)相比,在统计上有显著差异。此外,我们还对PDSI与西太平洋热带辐合带(WP ITCZ)和以Niño 3.4海温(SST)为代表的El Niño南方涛动(ENSO)的变化进行了时间分析。时间分析结果显示,WP ITCZ - PDSI与Niño 3.4 SST - PDSI呈负相关,ITCZ - Niño 3.4 SST呈负相关。所有这些相关性在统计上都很显著。因此,Majapahit时期MC干湿条件的可能原因是经向ITCZ的移动,通过Bjerknes反馈触发了不同的ENSO阶段。这项初步研究为更详细地了解Majapahit时代环境因素对政治条件的影响开辟了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Did hydroclimate conditions contribute to the political dynamics of Majapahit?: A preliminary analysis
Majapahit was the largest Hindu-Buddhist empire that ruled the Indonesian archipelago from the late 13th to mid-16th centuries CE. Only now there is still a lot of history surrounding the Majapahit era that has yet to be revealed. One is about how environmental factors influenced the political dynamics at that time. This study tries to discuss the influence of hydroclimate regimes using the Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation (PHYDA) product on the political history of Majapahit during the dry season, which occurs during the boreal summer. We conducted a spatial analysis of the area of drought by taking data from the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) in the Maritime Continent (MC) for six crucial episodes in the history of Majapahit, namely during the reign of Jayanegara (1309 - 1328 CE), which was marked by various political instability, the golden age of Majapahit (1309 - 1328 CE). 1350 - 1389 CE), the time of the Paregreg civil war (1405 - 1406 CE), the great famine event (ca. 1426 CE), the candrasengkala event (1478 CE), and in 1527 CE, which was marked by the complete conquest of Majapahit by the Demak sultanate. The results show statistically significant dif ferences in most of these six episodes (except during the heyday of Majapahit) against the reference period, which is the average PDSI over the entire Majapahit era (1293 - 1527 CE). In addition, we also conducted a temporal analysis linking PDSI with shif ts in the West Pacific Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (WP ITCZ) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) represented by Niño 3.4 Sea Surface Temperature (SST). This temporal analysis results show a positive correlation between WP ITCZ - PDSI, a negative correlation between Niño 3.4 SST - PDSI and a negative correlation between ITCZ - Niño 3.4 SST. All of these correlations are statistically significant. So the probable cause of dry/wet conditions in MC during the Majapahit era was triggered by a meridional ITCZ shif t which triggered dif ferent ENSO phases through Bjerknes feedback. This preliminary study has implications as opening the way to understand the influence of environmental factors on political conditions in the Majapahit era in more detail.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
11.10%
发文量
8
审稿时长
4 weeks
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