Prader-Willi syndrome and growth hormone therapy: exploring the precise management of hypothalamic short stature: A review

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by various clinical features linked to hypothalamic/pituitary gland abnormalities. Growth hormone deficiency is a prominent feature of PWS that results in poor linear growth and delayed development. This review discusses the evaluation and effects of growth hormone therapy (GHT) in PWS. Heterogeneity in growth hormone secretion patterns based on genotype and the potential for personalized GHT were explored. The benefits of GHT, including improvements in motor and cognitive development, growth, and body composition, are discussed in detail. Safety considerations for GHT initiation and response to GHT in adults with PWS are discussed, along with ongoing debates regarding the efficacy and safety. Although controversies persist, an evolving understanding of the long-term effects and safety of GHT underscores the need for comprehensive research in this field.