南极冰山在商业航线上的历史事件和19世纪90年代的特殊事件

IF 2.8 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Robert Keith Headland, Nicholas Edward Hughes, Jeremy Paul Wilkinson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

南半球海洋活动的一个主要考虑因素是冰山的北部界限,或已知冰的南大洋界限(SOLOKI)。本文对1687年至1933年南半球航行中冰山的历史报告进行了分析,为考察250年来冰山在地理和时间上的发生提供了基础。这些分析使用了来自742次航行的表格数据和来自许多来源的其他报告,其中一些包括第一人称描述。虽然这些数据依赖于水手报告的冰山,以及航行频率的变化,但它们表明,在某些地方,特别是在遥远的南大西洋,冰山出现的频率不同。根据历史记录,有证据表明,在19世纪90年代,南部航道上出现了数量空前的冰山。当这些历史观测与现代冰山漂移轨迹相结合时,它们可能的起源就可以得到阐明。根据看到的冰山数量和它们的地理分布,我们的研究结果表明,这可能是近300年来最大的近同步崩解,也是索洛基冰川最北端的崩解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Historical occurrence of Antarctic icebergs within mercantile shipping routes and the exceptional events of the 1890s
Abstract A major consideration for maritime activity in the Southern Hemisphere is the northern limit of icebergs, or the Southern Ocean Limit Of Known Ice (SOLOKI). This analysis of historical reports of icebergs during Southern Hemisphere voyages from 1687 to 1933 provides a basis for examination of their geographical and chronological occurrence during ~250 years. The analyses use tabulated data from 742 voyages and other reports from many sources, some including first-person descriptions. While these data are dependent on icebergs being reported by mariners, as well as the variable frequency of voyages, they demonstrate distinct periods of exceptional frequency of icebergs occurring in certain localities, particularly the far South Atlantic. Based upon historical records the evidence suggests unprecedented numbers of icebergs were present in southern shipping channels in the 1890s. When these historical observations are combined with modern iceberg drift trajectories, their possible origin can be elucidated. Owing to the numbers of icebergs seen and their geographical spread, our results suggest that this was possibly the largest near-synchronous calvings in the last 300 years, and the northernmost extent of the SOLOKI.
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来源期刊
Journal of Glaciology
Journal of Glaciology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
14.70%
发文量
101
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Glaciology publishes original scientific articles and letters in any aspect of glaciology- the study of ice. Studies of natural, artificial, and extraterrestrial ice and snow, as well as interactions between ice, snow and the atmospheric, oceanic and subglacial environment are all eligible. They may be based on field work, remote sensing, laboratory investigations, theoretical analysis or numerical modelling, or may report on newly developed glaciological instruments. Subjects covered recently in the Journal have included palaeoclimatology and the chemistry of the atmosphere as revealed in ice cores; theoretical and applied physics and chemistry of ice; the dynamics of glaciers and ice sheets, and changes in their extent and mass under climatic forcing; glacier energy balances at all scales; glacial landforms, and glaciers as geomorphic agents; snow science in all its aspects; ice as a host for surface and subglacial ecosystems; sea ice, icebergs and lake ice; and avalanche dynamics and other glacial hazards to human activity. Studies of permafrost and of ice in the Earth’s atmosphere are also within the domain of the Journal, as are interdisciplinary applications to engineering, biological, and social sciences, and studies in the history of glaciology.
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