18世纪上半叶—中期地理调查所反映的俄罗斯城市史

IF 0.1 Q3 HISTORY
Victoria Tkachenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章探讨了18世纪俄罗斯城市历史记忆的保存。该研究的资料来源是对从省级办事处收到的历史问题的回答,以及对纹章办公室(1720年代)、科学院(1760年代)和土地士绅军团(1760年代)的问卷调查。研究的地理范围仅限于俄罗斯帝国的欧洲部分,重点是研究古代俄罗斯城市的中世纪历史。对这些资料的分析表明,书记员的历史知识薄弱。这座城市过去的书面证据在大多数档案中丢失了。在动乱时期,鞑靼人的袭击和对城市的破坏的记忆通过口述传统和老人的故事传播。在大多数城市,受访者不记得过去几年的战争,而那些提到敌人围困城市的人发现很难说出这是什么时候。与世俗历史事件的遗忘相比,教会历史的记忆,寺庙和修道院建立的时间和环境得到了更好的保存。因此,在历史人物中,下令建造教堂的统治者,以及受人尊敬的当地圣人。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The History of Russian Cities in Responses to Geographical Surveys of the First Half — the Middle of the 18th Century
The article examines the preservation of historical memory in Russian cities of the 18th century. The sources of the study are the answers to historical questions received from the provincial offices, to the questionnaires of the Office of Heraldry (1720s), the Academy of Sciences (1760s) and the Land Gentry Corps (1760s). The geographical scope of the study is limited to the European part of the Russian Empire with an emphasis on the study of ideas about the medieval past in ancient Russian cities. The analysis of these materials demonstrates the weak historical knowledge of clerks. Written evidence of the city's past has been lost in most archives. The memory of the Tatar raids and the devastation of cities during the Time of Troubles was transmitted through oral traditions and stories of old people. In most cities, the respondents did not remember the wars of the past years, and those who mentioned the sieges of the city by the enemy found it difficult to say when it was. In contrast to the oblivion of the events of secular history, the memory of the history of the church, the time and circumstances of the founding of temples and monasteries was much better preserved. As a result, among the historical figures, the rulers who ordered the cathedrals to be built, as well as venerated local saints.
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CiteScore
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