17世纪前三分之一时期英格兰提高罚金方法的探索(以萨福克郡拉文纳姆庄园为例)

IF 0.1 Q3 HISTORY
Vladimir Mitrofanov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

17世纪上半叶英国庄园土地关系的变迁至今仍是俄罗斯和外国史学研究的课题。本文作者对近代早期英国庄园的入园罚款问题的历史研究进行了分析。这篇文章还讨论了1631年,地主德·伊维斯在他的庄园拉文纳姆(萨福克)的庄园里对农民们发表的演讲,当时他刚刚继承了庄园。通过对其内容的分析,揭示了增加著作权人缴纳的侵权罚款的途径之一。来源的独特性使得我们可以追溯房东的论点,以证明提高罚款的合法性,并将其固定在庄园的习俗中。作为一名古物学家,迪尤斯详细地概述了他的庄园的历史,强调了当前公契持有者的邪恶起源。他在演讲中论证了地主和庄园农民之间存在着三重联系(“神圣的、宣誓的”、“奴性的”和“世俗的”或有利可图的联系)。在庄园习俗中实施创新(“有利可图的部分”)和开创先例,使他有可能按照自己的意愿(如领主的意愿)改变公契持有人支付的罚款水平。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Search for Methods to Increase Fines in England in the First Third of the 17th Century (on the Example of Lavenham Manor, Suffolk)
Transformation of agrarian relations in the English manor in the first half of the 17th century is still being studied in Russian and foreign historiography. The author of the article analyzes historical researches concerning the problem of entry fines in the manors in Early Modern England. The article also deals with the speech that the landlord D’Ewes gave in front of the peasants of his manorLavenham (Suffolk) in the manorial curia at the moment of his entry into inheritance in 1631. Analysis of its content reveals one of the ways to increase entry fines paid by copyholders. The uniqueness of the source allows tracing the arguments of the landlord to justify the legitimacy of raising fines and fixing them in the custom of a manor. Being an antiquarian, D’Ewes outlined in sufficient details the history of his manor, emphasizing the villain origin of current copyholders. He argues in his speech the existence of a triple connection between the landlord and the peasants of the manor (“sacred, sworn”, “servial” and “reditual” or profitable connection). The implementation of an innovation (“profitable part”) into the manorial custom and the creation of a precedent gave him a probable opportunity to change the level of the fines paid by the copyholders at his own will (as the will of the lord).
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CiteScore
0.30
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