当代转化性癌症研究生物银行组织

Onco Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI:10.3390/onco3040015
Vasiliki Gkioka, Olga Balaoura, Maria Goulielmaki, Constantin N. Baxevanis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

癌症生物银行在推动转化癌症研究领域发挥着至关重要的作用,因此,它已被推广为将基础生物医学研究推进到临床前和临床研究,最终导致临床试验设计的不可或缺的工具。因此,通过将生物数据与详细医疗记录的登记相结合,它们在建立个性化肿瘤学方面发挥着至关重要的作用。来自个体化患者的完整电子医疗报告的可用性导致了个性化的诊断、预后和预测方法。为此,在早期时间点识别风险因素对于为每位患者设计更有效的独特治疗方法非常重要。在这方面,通过发现与调节致癌信号的细胞和分子途径相关的生物标志物,生物银行对于实现精确肿瘤学领域的改进至关重要。一般来说,生物样本被认为反映了患者的疾病生物学,但在某些条件下,这些也可能代表了对各种生物应激的反应。不同的收集、处理和储存方法可能会显著改变生物样品的固有生物学特性。采集后生物特征的改变或丢失将导致发现不可靠的生物标志物,从而导致不可复制的结果,从而构成了临床前研究成功转化为临床方法的巨大障碍。因此,成功进行生物银行的必要前提是保存的生物样品保持其生物学特性不变。生物标本采集和储存质量标准的应用可能有助于产生令人鼓舞的临床前数据,从而成功转化为临床治疗方法。在此,我们的目的是全面审查与生物银行的实施有关的问题,以促进癌症研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Organization of Contemporary Biobanks for Translational Cancer Research
Cancer biobanks have a crucial role in moving forward the field of translational cancer research and, therefore, have been promoted as indispensable tools for advancing basic biomedical research to preclinical and clinical research, ultimately leading to the design of clinical trials. Consequently, they play an essential role in the establishment of personalized oncology by combining biological data with registries of detailed medical records. The availability of complete electronic medical reports from individualized patients has led to personalized approaches for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction. To this end, identifying risk factors at early time points is important for designing more effective treatments unique for each patient. Under this aspect, biobanking is essential for accomplishing improvements in the field of precision oncology via the discovery of biomarkers related to cellular and molecular pathways regulating oncogenic signaling. In general terms, biological samples are thought to reflect the patient’s disease biology, but under certain conditions, these may also represent responses to various biological stresses. Divergent collection, handling, and storage methods may significantly change biosamples’ inherent biological properties. The alteration or loss of biological traits post-collection would lead to the discovery of nonreliable biomarkers and, consequently, to irreproducible results, thus constituting a formidable obstacle regarding the successful translation of preclinical research to clinical approaches. Therefore, a necessary prerequisite for successful biobanking is that the stored biological samples retain their biological characteristics unchanged. The application of quality standards for biospecimen collection and storage could be useful for generating encouraging preclinical data leading to the successful translation to clinical treatment approaches. Herein, we aim to comprehensively review the issues linked to biobank implementation for promoting cancer research.
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