马来西亚印度和华人社区社会经济和政治状况的比较研究

Mohammad Shekaib Alam, El Fatih Abdullahi Abdelsalam
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究调查了居住在马来西亚的印度和中国人口的社会经济和政治地位。本调查的重点仅限于具体分析三个领域:教育、就业和政治代表性。用于分析特定情况的标准的差异可能归因于每一组的不同观点。根据Darin-Mattsson、Fors和kamatreholt(2017)的说法,人们采用了各种方法来实现社会经济地位的概念。在这几个因素中,教育、社会阶层和收入被认为是关键的决定因素。因此,本研究考察了印度和中国社区的情况,考虑到前面概述的具体标准。分析表明,印度和中国集团正处于与占多数的马来人竞争的局面。华人社区在商业和财富积累领域表现出显著的存在和突出,超过了马来人和印度人群体。与华人社区相比,印度社区的贫困发生率更高。然而,尽管实施了马来人保留地政策,两个社区在教育、就业和政治参与方面都取得了值得称赞的进步。此外,政府在解决这些社区面临的挑战和不利条件方面表现出积极主动的态度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative Study on the Socioeconomic and Political Conditions of Indian and Chinese Communities in Malaysia
The present study examined the socioeconomic and political status of the Indian and Chinese populations residing in Malaysia. The focus of this investigation has been limited to specifically analyse three domains: education, employment, and political representation. The variation in criteria employed for analysing the given circumstance might be attributed to the distinct perspectives of each group. According to Darin-Mattsson, Fors, and Kåreholt (2017), various approaches have been utilised to operationalize the concept of socioeconomic position. Education, social class, and income have been identified as the key determinants among these several factors. Hence, this study investigates the conditions of Indian and Chinese communities, taking into consideration the specific criteria outlined earlier. The analysis suggests that the Indian and Chinese groups are engaged in a situation of competition with the Malay majority. The Chinese community exhibits a significant presence and prominence in the realm of commerce and wealth accumulation, surpassing that of the Malay and Indian groups. The Indian community exhibits a higher prevalence of poverty in comparison to the Chinese community. Nevertheless, despite the implementation of the Malay reservation policy, both communities have demonstrated commendable progress in the areas of education, employment, and political engagement. Additionally, the government has shown a proactive approach in addressing the challenges and disadvantages faced by these communities.
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