理性物质论的另一种选择

David B. Hershenov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

理性物质观是一种反对生命的立场,它认为所有的人在道德上都是平等的,并且由于他们是同类的成员而有生存的权利。健康的胚胎、新生儿、儿童、成人和认知受损的人基本上都有一种根本的或根本的理性能力,尽管这种能力可能没有得到发展,也可能无法发挥作用。他们是具有理性本质的物质,这是他们道德地位的基础,也是杀死他们是错误的。我将争辩说,这种观点致力于一些糟糕的生物学,和可疑的形而上学,并且无法逃脱所有的可能性的简化。我将提出健康发展观,作为理性物质观的替代。这是一种反对生命的观点,它避免了有问题的生物学和形而上学以及对潜能的简化。它认为我们的理性发展是偶然的,而不是基本的特征。
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An Alternative to the Rational Substance Pro-life View in advance
The Rational Substance View is a pro-life position which maintains that all humans are moral equals and have a right to life in virtue of their kind membership. Healthy embryos, newborns, children, adults, and as the cognitively impaired all essentially have a root or radical capacity for rationality, though it may not be developed or have its operations blocked. Their being substances with a rational nature is the basis of their moral status and what makes it wrong to kill them. I will argue that the view is committed to some bad biology, and suspect metaphysics, and is unable to escape all the reductios of potentiality. I will offer the Healthy Development View as an alternative to the Rational Substance View. It is a pro-life view that avoids the problematic biology and metaphysics and reductios of potentiality. It understands our rational development to be a contingent rather than an essential trait.
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