领地型和非领地型斑马鸟栖高的差异及对入侵者的反应

IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY
Wade B. Worthen, Mekhi D. Harrell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在豆娘鸟Calopteryx maculata中,有领地的雄性会向潜在的配偶求爱,并在水面附近保护产卵的雌性。我们进行了一项调查和实验,以确定地盘性(地盘保真度和竞争行为)与栖木高度之间是否存在关系。在调查中,捕获雄性,编号并释放,并记录它们沿溪流栖息的高度和位置两周。平均栖高与总行程呈正相关,与同一地点观测次数和百分比呈负相关。行走距离小于4 m的雄鱼的平均栖高显著低于行走距离大于4 m的雄鱼。我们的结论是,高保真度的雄鱼比广泛旅行的雄鱼栖地低。为了检验雄鼠的竞争行为与栖地高度之间的关系,研究人员在25 cm和75 cm两个高度沿20 m的滑索放活的雄鼠和雌鼠诱饵,并记录留居雄鼠的反应。栖息在低处的常住雄性(<1米高的雄鸟比栖息在高处的雄鸟更容易接近诱饵,低飞的诱饵比高飞的诱饵更容易接近。我们的结论是,领地雄性——以更高的地盘保真度和竞争行为为特征——比其他雄性栖息得更低,对低空飞行的入侵者特别敏感。讨论了低空栖息和应对低空入侵者的收益和成本。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Differences in perch height and response to intruders for territorial and non-territorial Calopteryx maculata (Odonata: Calopterygidae)
In the damselfly Calopteryx maculata, territorial males court potential mates and guard ovipositing females near the surface of the water. We conducted a survey and an experiment to determine whether there was a relationship between territoriality (site fidelity and agonistic behavior) and perch height. In the survey, males were captured, numbered, and released, and their perch height and location along a stream was noted for two weeks. Mean perch height was positively correlated with total distance travelled and negatively correlated with the number and percentage of times observed at the same site. Males that travelled less than 4 m had a significantly lower mean perch height than males that travelled more than 4 m. We conclude that males with greater site fidelity perch lower than males that travel widely. To test for a relationship between agonistic behavior and perch height, live male and female decoys, and a stick control, were run along a 20 m zip-line at two heights (25 cm and 75 cm), and the responses of resident males were recorded. Resident males that perched low (< 1 m high) approached decoys more often than resident males that perched high, and low-flying decoys were approached more than high-flying decoys. We conclude that territorial males—identified by greater site fidelity and agonistic behavior—perch lower than other males and are particularly responsive to low flying intruders. The benefits and costs of perching low and responding to low-flying intruders are discussed.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Odonatology (IJO) is aimed at providing a publication outlet for the growing number of students of Odonata. It will address subjects such as the ecology, ethology, physiology, genetics, taxonomy, phylogeny and geographic distribution of species. Reviews will be by invitation, but authors who plan to write a review on a subject of interest to the journal are encouraged to contact the editor.
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