Effect of grain/bran crude extract from Fagopyrum tataricum on hypoglycemic activity of type 2 diabetes mice and study on molecular mechanism of treatment

The rising number of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is a global health concern. This chronic disease can lead to a diverse range of complications. In this study, we assessed the extracorporeal hypoglycemic mechanism as determined by the inhibitory activity of TGE (Fagopyrum tataricum grain crude extract) and TBE (Fagopyrum tataricum bran crude extract) on elevated blood glucose, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. In addition, to characterize hypoglycemic activity in vivo, we investigated the anti-diabetic effects of water—ethanol extracts of Fagopyrum tataricum grain and bran with flavonoid-rich and D-CI fractions in type 2 diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin and a high-fat/high-sugar diet. Moreover, compared with the TBE group through kit detection and in vitro test analysis, treatment of mice with TGE has a better ability of antioxidant activity, Reduce inflammatory overreaction, hypoglycemia, improving symptoms of type 2 diabetic mice and reducing organ damage. In conclusion, these findings yet indicate that TGE could be used to manage the disease, for the improvement of blood glucose level and exhibits antioxidant properties for type 2 diabetes. By providing a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, organ structural damage, and insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our findings not only offer a deeper understanding of these processes but also provide novel insights and theoretical guidance for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.