Physical elements of building facades in narrating historical locality values: Case study in Alun-alun Contong, Surabaya, Indonesia

A historical location, especially in urban areas, can experience degradation in its historical value over a long period of time due to development. Especially when there is no cultural heritage status. Until certain conditions are met, history becomes blurred. Especially when it is not documented and written down. In this research, physical elements of building facades are used to highlight the local historical value of that location. This research involves a case study of Alun-alun Contong in Surabaya, Indonesia, to reveal its local historical value. In the process, this research will weave existing historical stories with documentary evidence from photographs and physical buildings in the field. Comparative analysis is also needed to look at the context of the city's historical unity as well as validate the findings. Thus, the physical elements of building facades can help in archiving and narrating local history.