Understanding coordination in humanitarian action: insights from the activities–resources–actors model

Purpose This study aims to propose an analytical tool based on the activities–resources–actors (ARA) model to understand the coordination mechanisms in humanitarian action. The tool identifies the phases of humanitarian action and analyzes the underlying mechanisms that facilitate coordination among organizations. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a literature review to develop analytical grids and theoretical propositions based on the ARA model. Findings The ARA model is a useful tool for understanding coordination mechanisms in humanitarian action. The study identifies key elements of interaction systems and characterizes the phases of humanitarian action. Effective coordination among organizations is essential for successful aid delivery. The study provides four theoretical propositions. Research limitations/implications Future research could validate the propositions formulated in this study through case studies. Practical implications The analytical grids proposed in this study can be used by humanitarian organizations to improve their coordination mechanisms and aid delivery processes. Social implications Effective humanitarian action can help alleviate the suffering of individuals affected by crises and contribute to the overall well-being of communities. The analytical tool proposed in this study can improve the effectiveness of humanitarian action and ultimately benefit society. Originality/value This paper presents an original approach by leveraging the ARA model to develop an analytical tool for humanitarian action, which is useful for both practitioners and researchers. In addition, the paper attempts to overcome the siloed vision of humanitarian action by highlighting “emergency-development” aspect.