Modern Methods of Criminological Study of the Personality of Selfish Criminals: A Critical Review and Comparative Analysis

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the main reason for the impact of all the negative factors observed in society and generating mercenary crimes in it is the social maladjustment of the offender's personality. This is the quality of his socialisation, in which he acquires negative experience, which in the future leads to his unlawful acts. It is in the process of such "adaptation" to the environment, not without the direct "participation" of negative aspects of the micro-level, that the mercenary-violent orientation of the offender's personality is formed. The purpose of the study is to analyse the processes and phenomena occurring in society and leading to the formation of the main subjective cause of criminal behaviour - the criminogenic-oriented consciousness and psychology of the offender to use violence against the personality of another person to satisfy his/her own selfish needs. In accordance with this goal, the objective of the study is to study the socio-psychological properties of the individual, as well as to bring scientific and theoretical developments closer to the needs of practice. The main results of the study are the argumentation of the position that, if we follow dialectical concepts in reflecting the picture of the development of social life, the shortcomings and miscalculations of the macro level of social life, which can act as determinants of certain criminal manifestations, find their continuation and development in phenomena attributed to the micro level of personality socialisation. The main conclusions of the study are that the dynamic relationship and interdependence of the conditions of life and social situation of a person's development, which generally affect his/her adaptation to the environment, are considered essential in determining the determinants of offences. The further direction of scientific research is to study the personality of a mercenary criminal from the perspective of criminology, and also to make a criminological analysis of personal characteristics of a mercenary criminal.