紫锥菊科一种影响美国球果花(紫锥菊)的霜霉病新种

C. Salgado-Salazar, M.K. Romberg, B. Hudelson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

霜霉病是商品向日葵和其他菊科植物(包括观赏向日葵)的重要病害之一。halstedii Plasmopara halstedii历来被确定为该病的致病因子,被认为是影响不同部落近35个属的物种复合体。然而,利用分子DNA特征进行系统发育研究,已经鉴定出了菊科中halstedii的不同谱系,确认其为独特的或作为新种分离出来。2022年8月,在美国威斯康辛州杰斐逊县的一个零售温室中,盆栽紫锥菊被观察到霜霉病。细胞色素c氧化酶亚基2 (cox2)和核大亚基核糖体RNA (nc LSU rDNA)基因区域的系统发育分析表明,这些Plasmopara sp.分离物与halstedii不具有同源性。基于系统发育证据和新的寄主关联,本文将紫皮莲的浆原分离物命名为紫皮莲科浆原。该新种的诊断形态学特征与其他在Asteraceae寄主上发现的P. halstedii或其他Plasmopara种的分离物相比没有观察到,因此提供了cox2区域的种特异性替换列表作为诊断特征。由于本研究是第一次在球果花中观察到霜霉病,建议按照规定的疾病预防指南进行预防,以防止该植物病原体在生产场所的爆发和建立。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Plasmopara echinaceae, a new species of downy mildew affecting cone flowers (Echinacea purpurea) in the United States
Downy mildew is one of the most important diseases of commercial sunflower and other Asteraceae hosts, including ornamental Rudbeckia . Plasmopara halstedii has historically been identified as the causal agent of this disease, considered a complex of species affecting nearly 35 genera in various tribes. However, with the use of molecular DNA characters for phylogenetic studies, distinct lineages of P. halstedii in the Asteraceae have been identified, confirmed as distinct or segregated as new species. During August of 2022, a downy mildew was observed on potted Echinacea purpurea grown in a retail greenhouse in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, USA. Phylogenetic analyses of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 ( cox2 ) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA (nc LSU rDNA) gene regions indicated these Plasmopara sp. isolates are not conspecific with P. halstedii . Based on phylogenetic evidence and new host association, the Plasmopara isolates from E. purpurea are here described as Plasmopara echinaceae . Diagnostic morphological characters for this new species were not observed when compared with other isolates of P. halstedii or other Plasmopara species found on Asteraceae hosts, and therefore a list of species-specific substitutions in the cox2 region are provided as diagnostic characters. As this study corresponds to the first observation of downy mildew in cone flowers, it is recommended to follow the required disease prevention guidelines to prevent outbreaks and the establishment of this plant pathogen in production sites.
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