A Critical Review on the Role of Mechanical Connection Technology in Precast Pipe Pile

Background:: With an increase in urbanization, there is a persistent demand for prefabricated pipe pile connections, which play a crucial part in construction projects. In many engineering projects that use pipe piles, poor welding quality leads to problems like cracks, deformation, and detachment of pipe pile joints that affect the safety and stability of the project. Therefore, mechanical joints have gradually been applied in engineering projects, and exhibit a promising potential in connecting prefabricated pipe piles. Objective:: The objective of this study was to present a comprehensive description of the classification, structural characteristics, and application of mechanical connection devices for precast pipe piles in recent years. Methods:: In this study, we conducted a review of the patents related to precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices and presented the advantages of different joints. Further, we introduced the structural features, differences, and applications of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices. Results:: This study analyzed and compared the different types of mechanical connection devices and summarized their typical characteristics, including connection form, connection quality, construction efficiency, and cost. The main problems existing in the development of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices were assessed. Subsequently, the development trend of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices was forecasted, and the research status and future development trend of precast pipe pile mechanical connection devices were discussed. Conclusion:: From the present study, it was found that the mechanical connection of the prefabricated pipe piles can be classified into two categories based on the joint connection range: end integral connection and steel bar connection. The end integral connection device has a large connection area, good connection solidity, and can withstand large loads, which is suitable for large bridges, tunnels, and other projects. However, for small and medium-sized engineering applications, the steel-type connection device is simple, easy to use, and has a wide range of applications that can be adapted to different geological conditions and load requirements. Currently, the application of prefabricated pipe pile mechanical connections is not widespread, both domestically and internationally. Thus, there is a need for future development in the prefabricated pipe pile mechanical connections in terms of material innovation, automation, intelligence, and sustainability.