Toward a New Definition of Augmented Reality

In 1997 Ronald T. Azuma introduced a definition for augmented reality. The definition can be considered slightly outdated because of developments in augmented reality and ubiquitous computing. Extended reality environments do not only allow interactive virtual objects superimposed on reality and aligned with reality, but also static, dynamic, and autonomous virtual content that is not under the control of the user of the environment. One aim of AR research is to superimpose (multisensorial) virtual objects on reality that cannot necessarily be distinguished from real objects that are perceived and experienced by the inhabitants of the environment. In this paper, we take it a step further. Especially if we are no longer able to distinguish between virtual and real objects, shouldn't we look for a definition of AR that is more based on experiencing (not necessarily technology-enhanced) reality than on technology? We do this by focusing on multisensorial experiences that augment our world, rather than on the technology, present or not, that enables these experiences and distinguishes our experiences from those of others. That such a viewpoint has not taken shape before is mainly due to the vision-biased view of what AR research should entail.