Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces with hybrid wind, solar and RF energy harvesting

This paper derives the throughput of wireless communications using reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) when the source harvests power from wind, radio frequency (RF) signals and the sun. The harvested power from wind is proportional to the power of three of wind speed and depends also on rotor radius r and air density. The harvested power from RF signals is proportional to the squared absolute value of channel coefficient. The harvested power from the sun uses a photo voltaic (PV) system and is proportional to radiation intensity. The radiation intensity is Gaussian and takes into account weather effects such as cloud occlusion. We show that hybrid energy harvesting using both the wind, RF signal, and solar energy offers the largest throughput.