Surveillance of Aedes mosquitoes in urban region of Udaipur district of South Rajasthan (India) to monitor potential health risk

Globally, the mosquito borne diseases are considered as the highest public health risk. In humans, dengue fever infection is one of the most threatening arboviral disease transmitted by the Aedes mosquito. These Aedes mosquitoes can survive almost any climatic conditions and are extremely determined. As a result, in September, 2023 an entomological survey has been undertaken to estimate the risk of vectors of vector borne diseases (VBDs) in Urban Region of Udaipur city of South Rajasthan to diminish potential health risks and prevent from vector borne disease (VBD). The cross-sectional survey was initiated in indoors to collect immature stage in Hiran Magri Sector-3, University College of Science, Ashok Nagar, Madri, Reti Stand, MLSU University Campus and Gyarawas and in around 103 houses of Udaipur city. Sampling of the mosquito larvae was conducted via dipper, pipette, and sieves and it depends on the container types. Morphologically the larvae were predicted and larval indices were also measured. Repeated surveys were undertaken in selected areas of Udaipur Urban. 60 containers were positive for Aedes mosquito larvae out of 128 inspected containers. Discarded Sinks, Thermocol Boxes and Disposable Plastic Cups most favorable for breeding whereas coolers were least favorable. Every entomological indices were found to be higher than the critical level for every selected areas according to guidelines given by World Health Organization, (2003; 2011). The larval indices that are House Index (HI), Container Index (CI) and Breteau Index (BI) were found 17.48, 46.88 and 58.25 percent respectively. (80%) Aedes aegypti and (20%) Aedes albopictus were identified from collected immature stages. To control these mosquitoes (Aedes), a cautious and constant surveillance of the study areas is recommended.