CORRECTION OF DISORDERS IN THE DIGESTIVE TRACT OF RATS WITH CHRONIC COLESTASIS WITH THE LEQUIN AND MINERAL COMPLEX

Problem. Complete or partial cessation of the flow of bile into the duodenum during cholestasis not only impairs the absorption of micro- and macroelements, fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the intestine, but also disrupts the microbiocenosis in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. Knowledge of the mechanisms of disorders in the digestive tract caused by a decrease in the outflow of bile is important for the development of effective pathogenetic therapy. The drug Lequin (lecithin and quercetin), as well as the natural sorbent Mineralol, can be considered as such a preventive agent. Aim. To investigate the condition of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of rats against the background of chronic cholestasis and to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention with the Mineralol and Lequin complex. Methods. The research was carried out on rats, which were divided into three groups: 1 group – intact, 2 group – rats that were modeled chronic cholestasis, 3 group – rats that were injected with Lequin (500 mg/kg) and Mineral (1 g/kg) against the background of cholestasis). Cholestasis in rats was modeled by ligation of the common bile duct under thiopental anesthesia. The drugs were administered orally to the rats of the 3rd group daily in the morning on an empty stomach for 4 months. Biochemical studies were carried out in blood serum (alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, elastase activity), liver (elastase, acid phosphatase activity and malondialdehyde content) and mucous membranes of the oral cavity, small andlarge intestine (elastase, acid phosphatase activity and malondialdehyde content). Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the Student-Fisher method. The main results. The conducted studies established liver parenchymal damage and cholestasis phenomena in rats with ligation of the common bile duct, which was confirmed by a decrease in alanine aminotransferase activity by 30.8% against the background of an increase in elastase activity by 42.0% and alkaline phosphatase activity by 43.6% in animal blood serum. Chronic cholestasis in rats led to the development of inflammatory processes in the liver: an increase in the activity of elastase by 24.5%, the activity of acid phosphatase by 29.8%, the level of malondialdehyde by 36.8%, along with a decrease in the antitoxic function of the liver: an increase in the activity of urease 2.2 times. Chronic cholestasis in rats caused the development of inflammation in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract: an increase in elastase activity by 28.4–41.1%, acid phosphatase activity by 19.3–45.6%, and malondialdehyde content by 55.7–127.0%. Daily prophylactic use of a complex of Lequin and Mineral drugs in conditions of chronic cholestasis in rats prevented the destruction of hepatocytes, the development of cholestatic phenomena, improved the antitoxic function of the liver, effectively prevented inflammatory processes, and the activation of lipid peroxidation in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of animals. Conclusions. Established disorders in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of rats with cholestasis are primarily caused by a decrease in the outflow of bile, which has antimicrobial properties, as a result of which toxic bile acids accumulate in the liver parenchyma along with a violation of the antitoxic function of the liver. The preventive effectiveness of the drugs was manifested due to the hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and choleretic effects of lecithin and quercetin, which, in combination with the sorption properties of Mineralol, made it possible to support the antitoxic function of the liver and its metabolic functions within normal limits. The conducted studies can be the basis for the use of the proposed drugs in the clinic for the treatment and prevention of cholestasis.