高科技犯罪的潜伏期:概念、结构及其水平评估方法

IF 0.1 Q4 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Russian Journal of Criminology Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI:10.17150/2500-4255.2023.17(2).146-155

Vitaly Polyakov

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引用次数: 0

摘要

高技术犯罪的侦破率不高，导致我们对高技术犯罪的真实规模认识不足，阻碍了组织打击高技术犯罪。作者论述了高科技犯罪的具体特征和特征，并对其潜伏期概念进行了解释。分析了影响高科技犯罪潜伏期的关键因素，确定了高科技犯罪自然潜伏期和人为潜伏期的主要类型。作者揭示并考察了导致高科技犯罪潜伏期显著增加的因素，包括特定的致害因素。建议采用反映隐蔽犯罪对实际犯罪的实际贡献的系数来定量评价隐蔽犯罪的潜伏率。本文介绍了高新技术犯罪潜伏期定量评估方法的特点，包括类比法、专家评价法和信息比较法。研究了传统的延迟分析方法，特别是受害分析方法的难点。作者介绍了通过对不同的被调查者群体进行问卷调查得出的专家评价方法的结果。特别注意发展新方法的必要性，这些新方法旨在发现高科技犯罪，并对其潜伏期提供更准确的评估。以Honeypot系统为例。结果表明，高科技犯罪应被视为高潜伏期犯罪，其潜伏期呈负向增长趋势。指出了这些犯罪的潜伏期与公害之间的具体关系。所进行的研究应有助于组织对抗现代高科技犯罪。所得结果可以提高侦查高科技犯罪初期所用的犯罪方法和建议的有效性，提高破案率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Latency of High-Tech Crimes: Concept, Structure and Methods of Assessing its Level

The detection and solving rates for high-tech crimes result in our insufficient knowledge about the true scale of high-tech crimes and hinders the organization of fighting them. The author discusses specific features and characteristics of high-tech crimes and offers an interpretation of the concept of their latency. Key factors influencing the latency of high-tech crimes are analyzed and main types of natural and artificial latency of such offences are identified. The author reveals and examines the factors that lead to a considerable increase in high-tech crime latency, including specific victimogenic factors. It is suggested that a coefficient reflecting the real contribution of hidden and concealed crimes to the actual criminality should be used for the quantitative assessment of latency rate for this group of crimes. The article presents a description of the specific features of methods and approaches used for the quantitative assessment of high-tech crime latency rate, including the methods of analogy, expert evaluation, and the information-comparison method. The difficulties of applying traditional methods of analyzing latency, specifically, methods of analyzing victimization, have been researched. The author presents the results of the expert evaluation method obtained by conducting a questionnaire for various groups of respondents. Special attention is paid to the necessity of developing new methods aimed at detecting high-tech crimes and providing a more accurate assessment of their latency. The Honeypot system is given as an example. It is concluded that high-tech crimes should be viewed as high latency crimes with an increasing negative trend for latency. The specific correlation between latency and public danger of these crimes is pointed out. The conducted research should contribute to organizing the counteraction to modern high-tech crimes. The obtained results could improve the effectiveness of criminalistic methods and recommendations used at the initial stage of investigating high-tech crimes and improve the rate of solving them.

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来源期刊

Russian Journal of Criminology CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

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期刊介绍： Current stage of law development is defined by novelty in all life spheres of Russian society. The anticipated renovation of legal system is determined by international life globalization. The globalization provides both positive and negative trends. Negative trends include increase in crime internationally, transnationally and nationally. Actualization of international, transnational and national crime counteraction issue defines the role and importance of «Russian Journal of Criminology» publication. Society, scientists, law-enforcement system officers, public servants and those concerned about international rule declared individual legal rights and interests’ enforcement take a tender interest in crime counteraction issue. The abovementioned trends in the Russian Federation legal system development initiate a mission of finding a real mechanism of crime counteraction and legal protection of human rights. Scientists and practicians’ interaction will certainly contribute to objective achievement. Therefore, «Russian Journal of Criminology» publication is aimed at criminology science knowledge application to complete analysis and practical, organizational, legal and informational strategies development. The activity of «Russian Journal of Criminology» that involves exchange of scientific theoretical and practical recommendations on crime counteraction between Russian and foreign legal sciences representatives will help concentrating the efforts and coordinating the actions domestically and internationally. Due to the high social importance of «Russian Journal of Criminology» role in solving theoretical and practical problems of crime counteraction, the Editorial Board is comprised of Russian and foreign leading scientists whose works are the basis for criminological science.